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& jq cheatsheet & Quick Reference</title>
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<span class="title">Quick Reference</span></a><div class="menu"><a href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/reference/blob/main/docs/jq.md" class="" target="__blank"><svg viewBox="0 0 36 36" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em"><path d="m33 6.4-3.7-3.7a1.71 1.71 0 0 0-2.36 0L23.65 6H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v22a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h22a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V11.76l3-3a1.67 1.67 0 0 0 0-2.36ZM18.83 20.13l-4.19.93 1-4.15 9.55-9.57 3.23 3.23ZM29.5 9.43 26.27 6.2l1.85-1.85 3.23 3.23Z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h36v36H0z"></path></svg><span>编辑</span></a><button id="darkMode" type="button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" class="light" height="1em" width="1em">
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</svg><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#jq-备忘清单"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>jq 备忘清单</h1><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>这个快速参考备忘单提供了使用 <a href="https://stedolan.github.io/jq/">jq</a> 命令的各种方法。</p>
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</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
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</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#介绍">介绍</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#选项">选项</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#学习示例">学习示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#获取一个键的值">获取一个键的值</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#数组运算">数组运算</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#构造一个数组对象">构造一个数组/对象</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#计算一个值的长度">计算一个值的长度</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#取出数组中的键">取出数组中的键</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#使用多个过滤器">使用多个过滤器</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#管道传递给下一个过滤器">管道传递给下一个过滤器</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#条件语句判断">条件语句判断</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#每个输入调用过滤器">每个输入调用过滤器</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#条件判断">条件判断</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#字符串插入值并进行运算">字符串插入值并进行运算</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#另见">另见</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
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</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="介绍"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#介绍"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>介绍</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>jq 就像用于 JSON 数据的 <a href="./sed.html">sed</a> - 您可以使用它来切片、过滤、映射和转换结构化数据</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://stedolan.github.io/jq/">jq 官网</a> <em>(stedolan.github.io)</em></li>
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<li><a href="https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/c/jq.html">jq 命令使用</a> <em>(jaywcjlove.github.io)</em></li>
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</ul>
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<p>安装</p>
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt-get</span> <span class="token function">install</span> jq <span class="token comment"># Debian& Ubuntu</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> dnf <span class="token function">install</span> jq <span class="token comment"># Fedora </span>
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</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">zypper</span> <span class="token function">install</span> jq <span class="token comment"># openSUSE</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> pacman <span class="token parameter variable">-S</span> jq <span class="token comment"># Arch</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">$ brew <span class="token function">install</span> jq <span class="token comment"># macOS & Homebrew</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">$ port <span class="token function">install</span> jq <span class="token comment"># macOS & MacPorts</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<p>语法</p>
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<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ jq <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>jq filter<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>file<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">$ jq <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--args</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>jq filter<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>strings<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">$ jq <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--jsonargs</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>jq filter<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>JSON_TEXTS<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="选项"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>选项</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<table><thead><tr><th align="left">:-</th><th>-</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>-c</code></td><td>紧凑而不是漂亮的输出</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-n</code></td><td>使用<code>null</code>作为单个输入值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-e</code></td><td>根据输出设置退出状态代码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-s</code></td><td>将所有输入读取（吸取）到数组中；应用过滤器</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-r</code></td><td>输出原始字符串，而不是JSON文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-R</code></td><td>读取原始字符串，而不是JSON文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-C</code></td><td>为 JSON 着色</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-M</code></td><td>单色（不要为JSON着色）</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-S</code></td><td>在输出上排序对象的键</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--tab</code></td><td>使用制表符进行缩进</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--arg a v</code></td><td>将变量 <code>$a</code> 设置为 value <code><v></code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--argjson a v</code></td><td>将变量 <code>$a</code> 设置为 JSON value <code><v></code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--slurpfile a f</code></td><td>将变量 <code>$a</code> 设置为从<code><f></code>读取的JSON文本数组</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--rawfile a f</code></td><td>将变量 <code>$a</code> 设置为包含<code><f></code>内容的字符串</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--args</code></td><td>其余参数是字符串参数，而不是文件</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--jsonargs</code></td><td>其余的参数是JSON参数，而不是文件</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--</code></td><td>终止参数处理</td></tr></tbody></table>
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</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="学习示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#学习示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>学习示例</h2><div class="wrap-body">
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</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="获取一个键的值"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#获取一个键的值"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>获取一个键的值</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'{"foo": 42, "bar": "less interesting data"}'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'.foo'</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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<p>输出结果</p>
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token number">42</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="数组运算"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#数组运算"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>数组运算</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'[{"name":"JSON", "good":true}, {"name":"XML", "good":false}]'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'.[1]'</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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<p>输出结果</p>
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"XML"</span>,
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</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"good"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="构造一个数组对象"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#构造一个数组对象"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>构造一个数组/对象</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'{"user":"stedolan","titles":["JQ Primer", "More JQ"]}'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'{user, title: .titles[]}'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"user"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"stedolan"</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"title"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"JQ Primer"</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"user"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"stedolan"</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"title"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"More JQ"</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="计算一个值的长度"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#计算一个值的长度"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>计算一个值的长度</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'[[1,2], "string", {"a":2}, null]'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'.[] | length'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token number">2</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token number">6</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token number">1</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token number">0</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="取出数组中的键"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#取出数组中的键"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>取出数组中的键</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'{"abc": 1, "abcd": 2, "Foo": 3}'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'keys'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"Foo"</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"abc"</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"abcd"</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="使用多个过滤器"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用多个过滤器"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>使用多个过滤器</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'{ "foo": 42, "bar": "something else", "baz": true}'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'.foo, .bar'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token number">42</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">"something else"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="管道传递给下一个过滤器"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#管道传递给下一个过滤器"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>管道传递给下一个过滤器</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'[{"name":"JSON", "good":true}, {"name":"XML", "good":false}]'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'.[] | .name'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">"JSON"</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">"XML"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="条件语句判断"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#条件语句判断"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>条件语句判断</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'[1,5,3,0,7]'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'map(select(. >= 2))'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">5</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">3</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">7</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="每个输入调用过滤器"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#每个输入调用过滤器"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>每个输入调用过滤器</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'[1,2,3]'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'map(.+1)'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">2</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">3</span>,
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">4</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="条件判断"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#条件判断"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>条件判断</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'2'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'if . == 0 then "zero" elif . == 1 then "one" else "many" end'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">"many"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="字符串插入值并进行运算"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#字符串插入值并进行运算"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>字符串插入值并进行运算</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'42'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> jq <span class="token string">'"The input was \(.), which is one less than \(.+1)"'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>输出结果</p>
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">"The input was 42, which is one less than 43"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="另见"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#另见"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>另见</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="https://stedolan.github.io/jq/">jq 官网</a> <em>(stedolan.github.io)</em></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/c/jq.html">jq 命令使用</a> <em>(jaywcjlove.github.io)</em></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
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