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& curl cheatsheet & Quick Reference</title>
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</svg><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#curl-备忘清单"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Curl 备忘清单</h1><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>此 <a href="https://github.com/curl/curl">Curl</a> 备忘清单包含命令和一些常见的 Curl 技巧示例。</p>
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</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
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</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#介绍">介绍</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#options">Options</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#请求">请求</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#数据">数据</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#头信息-headers">头信息 Headers</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#ssl">SSL</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" href="#安装">安装</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#示例">示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#curl-gethead">CURL GET/HEAD</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#多文件上传">多文件上传</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#为-curl-响应美化-json-输出">为 curl 响应美化 json 输出</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#curl-post">CURL POST</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#curl-脚本安装-rvm">CURL 脚本安装 rvm</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#curl-高级">CURL 高级</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#检查网站响应时间">检查网站响应时间</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#使用-curl-检查远程资源是否可用">使用 Curl 检查远程资源是否可用</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#正在下载文件">正在下载文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#下载文件保存文件而不更改其名称">下载文件，保存文件而不更改其名称</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#继续部分下载">继续部分下载</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#从多个域下载文件">从多个域下载文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#下载一系列文件">下载一系列文件</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
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</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="介绍"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#介绍"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>介绍</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>Curl 是一种在服务器之间传输数据的工具，支持协议，包括 HTTP/FTP/IMAP/LDAP/POP3/SCP/SFTP/SMB/SMTP 等</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/curl/curl">Curl GitHub 源码仓库</a> <em>(github.com)</em></li>
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<li><a href="https://curl.se/">Curl 官方网站</a> <em>(curl.se)</em></li>
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</ul>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-2 row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="options"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#options"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Options</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-2-->
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>file<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token comment"># --output: 写入文件</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-u</span> user:pass <span class="token comment"># --user: 验证</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<hr>
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-v</span> <span class="token comment"># --verbose: 在操作期间使 curl 冗长</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-vv</span> <span class="token comment"># 更冗长</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> <span class="token comment"># --silent: 不显示进度表或错误</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-S</span> <span class="token comment"># --show-error: 与 --silent (-sS) 一起使用时，显示错误但没有进度表</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<hr>
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-i</span> <span class="token comment"># --include: 在输出中包含 HTTP 标头</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-I</span> <span class="token comment"># --head: 仅标头</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="请求"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#请求"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>请求</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-X</span> POST <span class="token comment"># --request</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-L</span> <span class="token comment"># 如果页面重定向，请点击链接</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-F</span> <span class="token comment"># --form: multipart/form-data 的 HTTP POST 数据</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="数据"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#数据"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>数据</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># --data: HTTP post 数据</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># URL 编码(例如，status="Hello")</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">'data'</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># --data 通过文件</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> @file
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</span><span class="code-line">
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># --get: 通过 get 发送 -d 数据</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-G</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="头信息-headers"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#头信息-headers"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>头信息 Headers</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-A</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>str<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token comment"># --user-agent</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-b</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">name</span><span class="token operator">=</span>val <span class="token comment"># --cookie</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-b</span> FILE <span class="token comment"># --cookie</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">"X-Foo: y"</span> <span class="token comment"># --header</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">--compressed</span> <span class="token comment"># 使用 deflate/gzip</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="ssl"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#ssl"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>SSL</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"> <span class="token parameter variable">--cacert</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>file<span class="token operator">></span>
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</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token parameter variable">--capath</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>dir<span class="token operator">></span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">-E, <span class="token parameter variable">--cert</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>cert<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token comment"># --cert: 客户端证书文件</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"> --cert-type <span class="token comment"># der/pem/eng</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">-k, <span class="token parameter variable">--insecure</span> <span class="token comment"># 对于自签名证书</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div><div class="h3wrap-body"><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h4wrap"><h4 id="安装"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#安装"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>安装</h4><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">apk <span class="token function">add</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--update</span> <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token comment"># alpine linux 中安装</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>示例</h2><div class="wrap-body">
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<!--rehype:body-class=cols-6-->
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</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body cols-6"><div class="wrap col-span-4 row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="curl-gethead"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#curl-gethead"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>CURL GET/HEAD</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-4 row-span-2-->
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<table class="auto-wrap"><thead><tr><th align="left">命令</th><th align="left">说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -I https://www.baidu.com</code></td><td align="left"><code>curl</code> 发请求</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -v -I https://www.baidu.com</code></td><td align="left">带有详细信息的 <code>curl</code> 发请求</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -X GET https://www.baidu.com</code></td><td align="left">使用显式 http 方法进行 <code>curl</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl --noproxy 127.0.0.1 http://www.stackoverflow.com</code></td><td align="left">没有 http 代理的 <code>curl</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl --connect-timeout 10 -I -k https://www.baidu.com</code></td><td align="left"><code>curl</code> 默认没有超时</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl --verbose --header "Host: www.mytest.com:8182" www.baidu.com</code></td><td align="left"><code>curl</code> 得到额外的标题</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -k -v https://www.google.com</code></td><td align="left"><code>curl</code> 获取带有标题的响应</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||
<!--rehype:class=auto-wrap-->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="多文件上传"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#多文件上传"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>多文件上传</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-v</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-include</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token parameter variable">--form</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">key1</span><span class="token operator">=</span>value1 <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token parameter variable">--form</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">upload</span><span class="token operator">=</span>@localfilename URL
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="为-curl-响应美化-json-输出"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#为-curl-响应美化-json-输出"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>为 curl 响应美化 json 输出</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-XGET</span> http://<span class="token variable">${elasticsearch_ip}</span>:9200/_cluster/nodes <span class="token operator">|</span> python <span class="token parameter variable">-m</span> json.tool
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-4"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="curl-post"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#curl-post"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>CURL POST</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-4-->
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<table class="auto-wrap"><thead><tr><th align="left">命令</th><th align="left">说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -d "name=username&password=123456" <URL></code></td><td align="left"><code>curl</code> 发请求</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl <URL> -H "content-type: application/json" -d "{ \"woof\": \"bark\"}"</code></td><td align="left"><code>curl</code> 发送 json</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||
<!--rehype:class=auto-wrap-->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="curl-脚本安装-rvm"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#curl-脚本安装-rvm"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>CURL 脚本安装 rvm</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-sSL</span> https://get.rvm.io <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">bash</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-6"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="curl-高级"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#curl-高级"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>CURL 高级</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-6-->
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<table class="auto-wrap"><thead><tr><th align="left">命令</th><th align="left">说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -L -s http://ipecho.net/plain, curl -L -s http://whatismijnip.nl</code></td><td align="left">获取我的公共 <code>IP</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -u $username:$password http://repo.dennyzhang.com/README.txt</code></td><td align="left">带凭证的 <code>curl</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -v -F key1=value1 -F upload=@localfilename <URL></code></td><td align="left"><code>curl</code> 上传</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -k -v --http2 https://www.google.com/</code></td><td align="left">使用 http2 curl</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -T cryptopp552.zip -u test:test ftp://10.32.99.187/</code></td><td align="left">curl <code>ftp</code> 上传</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -u test:test ftp://10.32.99.187/cryptopp552.zip -o cryptopp552.zip</code></td><td align="left">curl <code>ftp</code> 下载</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>curl -v -u admin:admin123 --upload-file package1.zip http://mysever:8081/dir/package1.zip</code></td><td align="left">使用凭证 <code>curl</code> 上传</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||
<!--rehype:class=auto-wrap-->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-4"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="检查网站响应时间"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#检查网站响应时间"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>检查网站响应时间</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-4-->
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-w</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'\nLookup time:\t%{time_namelookup}\nConnect time:\t%{time_connect}\nAppCon time:\t%{time_appconnect}\nRedirect time:\t%{time_redirect}\nPreXfer time:\t%{time_pretransfer}\nStartXfer time:\t%{time_starttransfer}\n\nTotal time:\t%{time_total}\n'</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> /dev/null https://www.google.com
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="使用-curl-检查远程资源是否可用"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用-curl-检查远程资源是否可用"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>使用 Curl 检查远程资源是否可用</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> /dev/null <span class="token parameter variable">--silent</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-Iw</span> <span class="token string">"%{http_code}"</span> https://example.com/my.remote.tarball.gz
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="正在下载文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#正在下载文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>正在下载文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> https://example.com <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">grep</span> --only-matching <span class="token string">'src="[^"]*.[png]"'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">cut</span> -d<span class="token punctuation">\</span>" <span class="token parameter variable">-f2</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">read</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">do</span> <span class="token function">curl</span> https://example.com/<span class="token string">"<span class="token variable">${i}</span>"</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> <span class="token string">"<span class="token variable">${i<span class="token operator">##</span>*<span class="token operator">/</span>}</span>"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">done</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>从站点下载所有 PNG 文件（使用GNU grep）</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="下载文件保存文件而不更改其名称"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#下载文件保存文件而不更改其名称"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>下载文件，保存文件而不更改其名称</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> --remote-name <span class="token string">"https://example.com/linux-distro.iso"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>重命名文件</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> --remote-name <span class="token string">"http://example.com/index.html"</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--output</span> foo.html
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="继续部分下载"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#继续部分下载"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>继续部分下载</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> --remote-name --continue-at - <span class="token string">"https://example.com/linux-distro.iso"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="从多个域下载文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#从多个域下载文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>从多个域下载文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token string">"https://www.{example,w3,iana}.org/index.html"</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--output</span> <span class="token string">"file_#1.html"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap col-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="下载一系列文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#下载一系列文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>下载一系列文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
|
||
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token string">"https://{foo,bar}.com/file_[1-4].webp"</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--output</span> <span class="token string">"#1_#2.webp"</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
<p>下载一系列文件（输出<code>foo_file1.webp</code>、<code>foo_file2.webp…bar_file1_webp</code>等）</p>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div><footer class="footer-wrap"><footer class="max-container">© 2022 Kenny Wang, All rights reserved.</footer></footer><script>
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if (anchor) {
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