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&#x26; sdkman cheatsheet &#x26; Quick Reference</title>
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入门，为开发人员分享快速参考备忘单。">
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<p><a href="http://sdkman.io">SDKMAN</a> 是一款管理 java 体系中的各类 SDK 版本的工具，可以用于大多数基于 Uinx 的系统</p>
</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
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</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#安装">安装</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#获取帮助">获取帮助</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#查看">查看</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#安装卸载">安装卸载</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#更新">更新</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#帮助">帮助</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#安装本地版本">安装本地版本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#使用版本">使用版本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#查看当前使用的版本">查看当前使用的版本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#配置-env">配置 ENV</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#升级版本">升级版本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#sdkman-版本">SDKMAN 版本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#自动更新">自动更新</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#home">Home</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#flush">Flush</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#离线模式">离线模式</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#更新-1">更新</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#配置">配置</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="安装"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#安装"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>安装</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>macOS/Linux</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> <span class="token string">"https://get.sdkman.io"</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">bash</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>Windows 需要 (WSL Approach) 或者 (Git Bash Approach)</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> <span class="token string">"https://get.sdkman.io"</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">bash</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>初始化 SDKMAN</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token string">"<span class="token environment constant">$HOME</span>/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>查看 sdkman 是否安装成功</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk version
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="获取帮助"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#获取帮助"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>获取帮助</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>您可以通过运行以下命令获得基本帮助：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token builtin class-name">help</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>这将提供一个有用的顶级帮助页面。您可以向该命令添加限定符以获得有关特定子命令的帮助</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token builtin class-name">help</span> <span class="token function">install</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="查看"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#查看"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>查看</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>列出所有可用的 SDKs</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">sdk list
</span></code></pre>
<p>查看当前使用的 SDK</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk current
</span></code></pre>
<p>查看特定 SDK 的版本列表（例如，Java）</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk list <span class="token function">java</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="安装卸载"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#安装卸载"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>安装卸载</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<p>安装特定版本的 SDK（例如，Java）</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token function">install</span> <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>version<span class="token operator">></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>使用已安装的 SDK（例如，Java）</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk use <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>version<span class="token operator">></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>使用已安装的 SDK（例如，Java）</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk use <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>version<span class="token operator">></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>卸载 SDK（例如，Java）</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk uninstall <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>version<span class="token operator">></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>列出所有已安装的 SDKs</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk list installed
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除一个指定版本</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk uninstall scala <span class="token number">3.4</span>.1
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="更新"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#更新"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>更新</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>更新 SDKMAN 自身</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk selfupdate
</span></code></pre>
<p>更新已安装的 SDKs</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk update
</span></code></pre>
<p>设置默认的 SDK 版本（例如，Java）</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk default <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>version<span class="token operator">></span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="帮助"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#帮助"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>帮助</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>查看 SDKMAN 所有可用的命令</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token builtin class-name">help</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>这些命令可以帮助你安装、管理和使用不同版本的 SDK，如 Java、Groovy、Gradle、Maven 等。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="安装本地版本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#安装本地版本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>安装本地版本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>使用快照版本？已经在本地安装了吗？通过指定本地安装的路径来安装本地版本：</p>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token function">install</span> groovy <span class="token number">3.0</span>.0-SNAPSHOT /path/to/groovy-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token function">install</span> <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token number">17</span>-zulu /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/zulu-17.jdk/Contents/Home
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="使用版本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用版本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>使用版本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>查看已安装的 SDKs**：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk list installed
</span></code></pre>
<p>切换使用特定版本的 SDK（例如，Java）：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk use <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>version<span class="token operator">></span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ sdk use scala <span class="token number">3.4</span>.1
</span></code></pre>
<p>设置默认使用的 SDK 版本（例如，Java）：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk default <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>version<span class="token operator">></span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ sdk default scala <span class="token number">3.4</span>.1
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="查看当前使用的版本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#查看当前使用的版本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>查看当前使用的版本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>要查 sdk 当前使用的版本：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk current <span class="token function">java</span>
</span><span class="code-line">Using <span class="token function">java</span> version <span class="token number">21.0</span>.2-tem
</span></code></pre>
<p>要查看所有 sdk 当前使用的版本：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk current
</span><span class="code-line">Using:
</span><span class="code-line">groovy: <span class="token number">4.0</span>.20
</span><span class="code-line">java: <span class="token number">21.0</span>.2-tem
</span><span class="code-line">scala: <span class="token number">3.4</span>.1
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="配置-env"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#配置-env"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>配置 ENV</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
<p>切换到特定的 JDK 或 SDK，通过项目基本目录中的 <code>.sdkmanrc</code> 文件来实现。执行下面命令自动生配置文件：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token function">env</span> init
</span></code></pre>
<p>现在已经在当前目录中创建了一个包含以下内容的配置文件：</p>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Enable auto-env through the sdkman_auto_env config</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Add key=value pairs of SDKs to use below</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token assign-left variable">java</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">21.0</span>.2-tem
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
<p>切换到 <code>.sdkmanrc</code>文件中的配置，只需发出以下命令：</p>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token function">env</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 您应该看到如下输出：</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Using java version 21.0.2-tem in this shell.</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
<p>通过下面命令，将 SDK 重置为默认版本</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token function">env</span> <span class="token function">clear</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>安装 <code>.sdkmanrc</code> 配置文件中指定丢失的 SDK</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk <span class="token function">env</span> <span class="token function">install</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>在 cd 到目录中时自动切换 SDK 版本，可以通过在 sdkman 配置中设置 <code>sdkman_auto_env=true</code> 来实现。请注意，这也会在离开目录时将任何特定于项目的SDK重置为默认版本。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="升级版本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#升级版本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>升级版本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>升级特定 SDK 到最新版本</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk upgrade springboot
</span></code></pre>
<p>要查看所有 SDK 的过时内容：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk upgrade
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="sdkman-版本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sdkman-版本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>SDKMAN 版本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk version
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line">SDKMAN<span class="token operator">!</span>
</span><span class="code-line">script: <span class="token number">5.7</span>.0
</span><span class="code-line">native: <span class="token number">0.1</span>.3
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="自动更新"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#自动更新"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>自动更新</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>安装新版本的 <code>SDKMAN</code> 如果可用</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk selfupdate
</span></code></pre>
<p>通过将 force 参数传递给命令强制重新安装：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk selfupdate force
</span></code></pre>
<p>自动每日检查新版本的SDKMAN！也将代表用户执行。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="home"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#home"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Home</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>获取 SDK 所在位置的绝对路径</p>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk home <span class="token function">java</span> <span class="token number">21.0</span>.2-tem
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># /home/myuser/.sdkman/candidates/java/21.0.2-tem</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="flush"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#flush"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Flush</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>应该很少需要刷新 <code>SDKMAN</code> 。flush 命令有助于实现这一点，因此您不需要删除任何目录。</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk flush
</span></code></pre>
<p>手动删除像 <code>.sdkman/tmp</code> 目录这样的目录会破坏 sdkman！请始终使用 flush 命令！</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="离线模式"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#离线模式"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>离线模式</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>启用强制脱机模式</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk offline <span class="token builtin class-name">enable</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>重新启用联机模式</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk offline disable
</span></code></pre>
<p>离线模式下显示当前安装的和活动的版本：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk list groovy
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># ---------------------------</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># </span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 离线模式：仅显示已安装的groovy版本</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># --------------------------</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># ></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># > 2.4.4</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># </span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># - 2.4.3</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># </span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># --------------------------</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># </span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># - - installed</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># ></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># > - currently in use</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># ></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># ---------------------------</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>当互联网可用/不可用时，离线模式也将自动禁用/启用。当然，需要互联网连接的命令不会起作用，但会发出警告。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="更新-1"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#更新-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>更新</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>当 SDK 元数据可能变得过时时，会显示一条警告，并说明如何更新。</p>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">WARNING: SDKMAN is out-of-date and requires an update.
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
<p>只需运行以下命令，就可以刷新 SDK 缓存，并且可以安装新的 SDK 缓存：</p>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ sdk update
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Adding new candidates(s): kotlin</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
<p>定期更新 <code>SDKMAN</code> 需要更新以了解新的（或已删除的）SDK。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="配置"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#配置"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>配置</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>可以在 <code>~/.sdkman/etc/config</code> 文件中找到配置。要编辑配置，可以发出 <code>sdk-config</code> 命令在系统编辑器中编辑此文件。以下配置可用：</p>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-ini code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 使 sdkman 成为非交互式的，适用于 CI 环境</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_auto_answer</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 检查更新版本并提示更新</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_selfupdate_feature</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 禁用 SSL 证书验证</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># https://github.com/sdkman/sdkman-cli/issues/327</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># HERE BE DRAGONS....</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_insecure_ssl</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 配置 curl 超时</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_curl_connect_timeout</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">5</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_curl_continue</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_curl_max_time</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">10</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 订阅测试版频道</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_beta_channel</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 启用详细调试</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_debug_mode</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 启用色彩模式</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_colour_enable</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 启用自动环境</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_auto_env</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 启用 bash 或 zsh 自动完成功能</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key attr-name">sdkman_auto_complete</span><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token value attr-value">true|false</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
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