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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>Flask 备忘清单
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& flask cheatsheet & Quick Reference</title>
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<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport">
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<meta description="本清单对 Flask 的入门进行了简要的概述，以及其常用示例。需要有 HTML 和 Python 基础。
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入门，为开发人员分享快速参考备忘单。">
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<path d="M6.51 7.11c1-.2-.38-.33-.69 0 .18.13.41-.21.69 0zm-.82.13c0 .19.18-.22 0 0zm2.62-.48c.67-.11.11-.41-.09.1.07.14.11-.05.09-.1zm-.62.1c.93.36-.05-1 0 0zm-2.92.93a.51.51 0 0 1 .33.1c.75.52-.1-.84-.33-.1z"></path>
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<path d="M4.81 7.43c.16.13.29-.21 0 0zm.37.01.14.12c.68.06-.11-.46-.14-.12zM10.69 16c.09.3 0-.39 0 0zm-4.78-5c.1.18.18-.18 0 0zm.09.61c.19.34 0-.51 0 0zm.21-.49c.33.21-.28-.52 0 0zm-.41-.82c.07.15.24.16.37.2 1.32.61-.95-1-.37-.2zm.54 1.43c.31.53.18-.37 0 0zm.48-.16c.37.92-.23-.12-.3-.43a2.11 2.11 0 0 0 .28 1c.34.51.19-.28.55.23-.2-.45.1-.2.06-.4s-1-1.17-.59-.4zm.36 1.78c.09.31.18 0 0 0zM5.85 9c.06.14.11 0 0 0zm.67.42c.32.41.17-.36 0 0zm-.89 1.14.14.15c.99.29-1.05-.95-.14-.15zm.7-.37c1 .41-.09-.27-.44-.2.11.13.32.07.44.2zm-.18-.44c.18.18.82.51.31.06.32-.06 0-.16-.24-.32-.44-.67.07.06-.07.26z"></path>
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<path d="M5.51 10.64c-.53-.44.16.21-.06.2-.55-.4-.32-.11 0 .2.33.5.6-.3.06-.4zm2.14.64c.12.11-.06-.68 0 0zm1.02-3.5c0 .12.07-.1 0 0zM9 12.47c0 .21 0-.18 0 0zm-.29-1.22c.08.46.1-.78 0 0zm.14.22v.1c.21-.51.04-.79 0-.1zm-.1-2.7c-.14.7-.27.41-.08-.11-.05-.67-.45.41-.27.72.29.47.6-1.16.35-.61zm1.01 5.98c.13.35.11-.42 0 0zm-1.35-4.28c0 .2 0-.14 0 0zm.64 1.7c0 .26.11-.38 0 0zM9.5 14l.07.11c.14-.49-.36-.79-.07-.11zm-1.56-.52c.27.22-.13-.23 0 0zm1.23-.85c.08.29 0-.42 0 0zM8.14 9.81c.15.33-.05-.27 0 0z"></path>
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<path d="M8.3 10.23c.24.34-.26-.64 0 0zm-.06 1.15c-.13-1-.42.45 0 .69.13.34.25.2.3-.19-.32 0 .08-.62-.3-.5z"></path>
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</svg>
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<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#flask-备忘清单"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Flask 备忘清单</h1><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>本清单对 Flask 的入门进行了简要的概述，以及其常用示例。需要有 <code>HTML</code> 和 <code>Python</code> 基础。</p>
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</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
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<path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 4a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2zm3.75-1.5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zM3 8a1 1 0 11-2 0 1 1 0 012 0zm-1 6a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2z"></path>
|
||
</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#相关链接">相关链接</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#hello-world">Hello World</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" data-num="4" href="#hellopy">hello.py</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#运行-hellopy-程序">运行 hello.py 程序</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" data-num="4" href="#或">或</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#html-转义">HTML 转义</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#路由">路由</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#变量规则">变量规则</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#唯一-url--重定向行为">唯一 URL / 重定向行为</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#url-建设">URL 建设</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#http-方法">HTTP 方法</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#blueprint">Blueprint</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="相关链接"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#相关链接"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>相关链接</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML">HTML</a> <em>(developer.mozilla.org)</em></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> <em>(python.org)</em></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://flask.palletsprojects.com/">Flask</a> <em>(flask.palletsprojects.com)</em></li>
|
||
<li><a href="./python.html">Python 备忘清单</a> <em>(jaywcjlove.github.io)</em></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="hello-world"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#hello-world"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Hello World</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||
<h4 id="hellopy"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#hellopy"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>hello.py</h4>
|
||
<pre class="language-python"><code class="language-python code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 导入 Flask 类</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> Flask
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 创建应用实例</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">app <span class="token operator">=</span> Flask<span class="token punctuation">(</span>__name__<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># 'Flask' 参数是 应用程序模块 或 包 的名称</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment"># __name__是适用于大多数情况的便捷快捷方式</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 路由 (装饰器)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># route()装饰器告诉 Flask 什么路径触发下面的功能</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment"># 该函数返回我们想要在浏览器中显示的消息内容</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'Hello World!'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment"># 默认类型 HTML, 因此字符串中的 HTML 将被浏览器渲染</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 启动服务</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">if</span> __name__ <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'__main__'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>run<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="运行-hellopy-程序"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#运行-hellopy-程序"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>运行 <code>hello.py</code> 程序</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ python hello.py
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> * Serving Flask app <span class="token string">'hello'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> * Press CTRL+C to quit
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<h4 id="或"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#或"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>或</h4>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ flask <span class="token parameter variable">--app</span> hello run
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> * Serving Flask app <span class="token string">'hello'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> * Press CTRL+C to quit
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">$ flask run <span class="token parameter variable">--host</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0.0</span>.0.0
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>启用调试模式，使用 <code>--debug</code> 选项</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ flask <span class="token parameter variable">--app</span> hello <span class="token parameter variable">--debug</span> run
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="html-转义"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#html-转义"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>HTML 转义</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> markupsafe <span class="token keyword">import</span> escape
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/<name>"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string-interpolation"><span class="token string">f"Hello, </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>escape<span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">!"</span></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="路由"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#路由"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>路由</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">index</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'Index Page'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/hello'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'Hello, World'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="变量规则"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#变量规则"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>变量规则</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> markupsafe <span class="token keyword">import</span> escape
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/user/<username>'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_user_profile</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>username<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment"># 显示该用户的用户个人资料</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string-interpolation"><span class="token string">f'User </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>escape<span class="token punctuation">(</span>username<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">'</span></span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/post/<int:post_id>'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment"># 显示给定id的帖子，id是一个整数</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string-interpolation"><span class="token string">f'Post </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>post_id<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">'</span></span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/path/<path:subpath>'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_subpath</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subpath<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment"># 在 /path/ 之后显示子路径</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string-interpolation"><span class="token string">f'Subpath </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>escape<span class="token punctuation">(</span>subpath<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">'</span></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>转换器类型：</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">:--</th><th>--</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>string</code></td><td>（默认）接受任何没有斜杠的文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>int</code></td><td>接受正整数</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>float</code></td><td>接受正浮点值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>path</code></td><td>像字符串但也接受斜线</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>uuid</code></td><td>接受 UUID 字符串</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="唯一-url--重定向行为"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#唯一-url--重定向行为"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>唯一 URL / 重定向行为</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/projects/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">projects</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'The project page'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/about'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">about</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'The about page'</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>项目端点的规范 <code>URL</code> 有一个尾部斜杠。它类似于文件系统中的文件夹。如果您访问没有尾部斜杠 (<code>/projects</code>) 的 <code>URL</code>，<code>Flask</code> 会将您重定向到带有尾部斜杠 (<code>/projects/</code>) 的规范 <code>URL</code></p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="url-建设"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#url-建设"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>URL 建设</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> url_for
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">index</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'index'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/login'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">login</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'login'</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/user/<username>'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">profile</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>username<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string-interpolation"><span class="token string">f'</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>username<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">\'s profile'</span></span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">with</span> app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test_request_context<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>url_for<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'index'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>url_for<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>url_for<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">next</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>url_for<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'profile'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> username<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'John Doe'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="http-方法"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#http-方法"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>HTTP 方法</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<p>默认路由仅响应 <code>GET</code> 请求。可以使用 <code>route()</code> 装饰器的方法参数来处理不同的 <code>HTTP</code> 方法</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> request
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/login'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>methods<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'GET'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">'POST'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">login</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">if</span> request<span class="token punctuation">.</span>method <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'POST'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> do_the_login<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> show_the_login_form<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>您还可以将不同方法的视图分成不同的函数。 <code>Flask</code> 为每个常见的 <code>HTTP</code> 方法提供了一种快捷方式，用于使用 <code>get()</code>、<code>post()</code> 等来装饰此类路由</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/login'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">login_get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> show_the_login_form<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/login'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">login_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> do_the_login<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="blueprint"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#blueprint"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Blueprint</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<p>创建蓝图Bp1</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> Blueprint<span class="token punctuation">,</span> abort<span class="token punctuation">,</span> jsonify
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 定义Bp1，并定义url前缀为/img</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">Bp1 <span class="token operator">=</span> Blueprint<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'imgBlue'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> __name__<span class="token punctuation">,</span> template_folder<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'templates'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> url_prefix<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'/img'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@Bp1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/getimg'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">getImg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">try</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> jsonify<span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"img"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> size<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"100KB"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="token keyword">as</span> e<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> abort<span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>创建蓝图Bp2</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> Blueprint<span class="token punctuation">,</span> abort<span class="token punctuation">,</span> jsonify
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 定义Bp2，并定义url前缀为/video</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">Bp2 <span class="token operator">=</span> Blueprint<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'videoBlue'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> __name__<span class="token punctuation">,</span> template_folder<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'templates'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> url_prefix<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'/video'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@Bp2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/getvideo'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">getvideo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">try</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> jsonify<span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"video"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> size<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"100GB"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="token keyword">as</span> e<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> abort<span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>在flask app中引用蓝图Bp1和Bp2</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> Flask<span class="token punctuation">,</span> jsonify
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> lantu<span class="token punctuation">.</span>img <span class="token keyword">import</span> Bp1
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> lantu<span class="token punctuation">.</span>video <span class="token keyword">import</span> Bp2
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">app <span class="token operator">=</span> Flask<span class="token punctuation">(</span>__name__<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 注册蓝图到app</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>register_blueprint<span class="token punctuation">(</span>Bp1<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>register_blueprint<span class="token punctuation">(</span>Bp2<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">index</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> jsonify<span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'phyger'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">if</span> __name__ <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'__main__'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"> app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>run<span class="token punctuation">(</span>host<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"127.0.0.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> debug<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>简单测试</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> http://127.0.0.1:5000/
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span><span class="token string">"phyger"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> http://127.0.0.1:5000/img/getimg
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"img"</span>, <span class="token string">"size"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"100KB"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">curl</span> http://127.0.0.1:5000/video/getvideo
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"video"</span>, <span class="token string">"size"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">"100GB"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div><script src="https://giscus.app/client.js" data-repo="jaywcjlove/reference" data-repo-id="R_kgDOID2-Mw" data-category="Q&A" data-category-id="DIC_kwDOID2-M84CS5wo" data-mapping="pathname" data-strict="0" data-reactions-enabled="1" data-emit-metadata="0" data-input-position="bottom" data-theme="dark" data-lang="zh-CN" crossorigin="anonymous" async></script><div class="giscus"></div></div><footer class="footer-wrap"><footer class="max-container">© 2022 <a href="https://wangchujiang.com/#/app" target="_blank">Kenny Wang</a>.</footer></footer><script src="../data.js?v=1.8.3" defer></script><script src="../js/fuse.min.js?v=1.8.3" defer></script><script src="../js/main.js?v=1.8.3" defer></script><div id="mysearch"><div class="mysearch-box"><div class="mysearch-input"><div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 18 18">
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</svg><input id="mysearch-input" type="search" placeholder="搜索" autocomplete="off"><div class="mysearch-clear"></div></div><button id="mysearch-close" type="button">搜索</button></div><div class="mysearch-result"><div id="mysearch-menu"></div><div id="mysearch-content"></div></div></div></div></body>
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