buyfakett/reference
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/jaywcjlove/reference.git synced 2025-06-17 04:31:22 +08:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity
Files
8fb6767edb86b1b6247f121ca3f6de2037233396
reference/docs/django.html
jaywcjlove 196204fcdb doc: update docs/pip.md 4ca8110520
2025-05-11 17:34:02 +00:00

994 lines
101 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en" data-color-mode="dark">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Django 备忘清单
&#x26; django cheatsheet &#x26; Quick Reference</title>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport">
<meta description="Django 是 Python 的一款 Web 框架，本备忘单旨在快速理解 Django 所涉及的主要概念，提供了最常用的 API 示例参考
入门，为开发人员分享快速参考备忘单。">
<meta keywords="django,reference,Quick,Reference,cheatsheet,cheat,sheet">
<meta name="author" content="jaywcjlove">
<meta name="license" content="MIT">
<meta name="funding" content="https://jaywcjlove.github.io/#/sponsor">
<meta rel="apple-touch-icon" href="../icons/touch-icon-iphone.png">
<meta rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="../icons/touch-icon-ipad.png">
<meta rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="../icons/touch-icon-iphone.png">
<meta rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="167x167" href="../icons/touch-icon-ipad-retina.png">
<meta rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="../icons/touch-icon-iphone-retina.png">
<link rel="icon" href="../icons/favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml">
<link href="../style/style.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="../style/katex.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body><nav class="header-nav"><div class="max-container"><a href="../index.html" class="logo"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em">
<path d="m21.66 10.44-.98 4.18c-.84 3.61-2.5 5.07-5.62 4.77-.5-.04-1.04-.13-1.62-.27l-1.68-.4c-4.17-.99-5.46-3.05-4.48-7.23l.98-4.19c.2-.85.44-1.59.74-2.2 1.17-2.42 3.16-3.07 6.5-2.28l1.67.39c4.19.98 5.47 3.05 4.49 7.23Z" fill="#c9d1d9"></path>
<path d="M15.06 19.39c-.62.42-1.4.77-2.35 1.08l-1.58.52c-3.97 1.28-6.06.21-7.35-3.76L2.5 13.28c-1.28-3.97-.22-6.07 3.75-7.35l1.58-.52c.41-.13.8-.24 1.17-.31-.3.61-.54 1.35-.74 2.2l-.98 4.19c-.98 4.18.31 6.24 4.48 7.23l1.68.4c.58.14 1.12.23 1.62.27Zm2.43-8.88c-.06 0-.12-.01-.19-.02l-4.85-1.23a.75.75 0 0 1 .37-1.45l4.85 1.23a.748.748 0 0 1-.18 1.47Z" fill="#228e6c"></path>
<path d="M14.56 13.89c-.06 0-.12-.01-.19-.02l-2.91-.74a.75.75 0 0 1 .37-1.45l2.91.74c.4.1.64.51.54.91-.08.34-.38.56-.72.56Z" fill="#228e6c"></path>
</svg>
<span class="title">Quick Reference</span></a><div class="menu"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="searchbtn" id="searchbtn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 18 18">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M17.71,16.29 L14.31,12.9 C15.4069846,11.5024547 16.0022094,9.77665502 16,8 C16,3.581722 12.418278,0 8,0 C3.581722,0 0,3.581722 0,8 C0,12.418278 3.581722,16 8,16 C9.77665502,16.0022094 11.5024547,15.4069846 12.9,14.31 L16.29,17.71 C16.4777666,17.8993127 16.7333625,18.0057983 17,18.0057983 C17.2666375,18.0057983 17.5222334,17.8993127 17.71,17.71 C17.8993127,17.5222334 18.0057983,17.2666375 18.0057983,17 C18.0057983,16.7333625 17.8993127,16.4777666 17.71,16.29 Z M2,8 C2,4.6862915 4.6862915,2 8,2 C11.3137085,2 14,4.6862915 14,8 C14,11.3137085 11.3137085,14 8,14 C4.6862915,14 2,11.3137085 2,8 Z"></path>
</svg><span>搜索</span><span>⌘K</span></a><a href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/reference/blob/main/docs/django.md" class="edit" target="__blank"><svg viewBox="0 0 36 36" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em"><path d="m33 6.4-3.7-3.7a1.71 1.71 0 0 0-2.36 0L23.65 6H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v22a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h22a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V11.76l3-3a1.67 1.67 0 0 0 0-2.36ZM18.83 20.13l-4.19.93 1-4.15 9.55-9.57 3.23 3.23ZM29.5 9.43 26.27 6.2l1.85-1.85 3.23 3.23Z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h36v36H0z"></path></svg><span>编辑</span></a><button id="darkMode" type="button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" class="light" height="1em" width="1em">
<path d="M6.995 12c0 2.761 2.246 5.007 5.007 5.007s5.007-2.246 5.007-5.007-2.246-5.007-5.007-5.007S6.995 9.239 6.995 12zM11 19h2v3h-2zm0-17h2v3h-2zm-9 9h3v2H2zm17 0h3v2h-3zM5.637 19.778l-1.414-1.414 2.121-2.121 1.414 1.414zM16.242 6.344l2.122-2.122 1.414 1.414-2.122 2.122zM6.344 7.759 4.223 5.637l1.415-1.414 2.12 2.122zm13.434 10.605-1.414 1.414-2.122-2.122 1.414-1.414z"></path>
</svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="dark" height="1em" width="1em">
<path d="M12 11.807A9.002 9.002 0 0 1 10.049 2a9.942 9.942 0 0 0-5.12 2.735c-3.905 3.905-3.905 10.237 0 14.142 3.906 3.906 10.237 3.905 14.143 0a9.946 9.946 0 0 0 2.735-5.119A9.003 9.003 0 0 1 12 11.807z"></path>
</svg>
</button><script src="../js/dark.js?v=1.8.3"></script><a href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/reference" class="" target="__blank"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.012 8.012 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg></a></div></div></nav><div class="wrap h1body-exist max-container"><header class="wrap-header h1wrap"><h1 id="django-备忘清单"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 230 230">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M200,0 C216.568542,-3.04359188e-15 230,13.4314575 230,30 L230,200 C230,216.568542 216.568542,230 200,230 L30,230 C13.4314575,230 9.13448861e-15,216.568542 0,200 L0,30 C-2.02906125e-15,13.4314575 13.4314575,1.01490192e-14 30,0 L200,0 Z M167.109375,83.5546875 L141.953125,83.5546875 L141.953125,132.96875 C141.953125,154.980469 140.605469,163.066406 137.011719,170.253906 C133.867188,176.992188 128.476562,181.933594 117.246094,186.875 L140.605469,198.105469 C151.835938,192.265625 157.226562,187.324219 161.269531,179.238281 C165.761719,171.152344 167.109375,161.71875 167.109375,141.503906 L167.109375,83.5546875 Z M127.128906,45.3710938 L101.972656,45.3710938 L101.972656,83.1054688 C97.9296875,82.2070312 94.7851562,82.2070312 90.7421875,82.2070312 C64.2382812,82.2070312 47.6171875,98.3789062 47.6171875,123.984375 C47.6171875,150.488281 63.3398438,164.414062 94.3359375,164.414062 C104.667969,164.414062 114.101562,163.066406 127.128906,160.820312 L127.128906,45.3710938 Z M93.4375,101.972656 C96.5820312,101.972656 98.828125,102.421875 101.972656,103.320312 L101.972656,143.300781 C97.9296875,144.199219 95.6835938,144.199219 92.9882812,144.199219 C79.9609375,144.199219 73.2226562,137.011719 73.2226562,123.535156 C73.2226562,110.058594 80.4101562,101.972656 93.4375,101.972656 Z M167.109375,45.3710938 L141.953125,45.3710938 L141.953125,70.9765625 L167.109375,70.9765625 L167.109375,45.3710938 Z"></path>
</svg><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#django-备忘清单"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Django 备忘清单</h1><div class="wrap-body">
<p>Django 是 Python 的一款 Web 框架，本备忘单旨在快速理解 <a href="https://www.djangoproject.com/">Django</a> 所涉及的主要概念，提供了最常用的 API 示例参考</p>
</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
<path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 4a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2zm3.75-1.5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zM3 8a1 1 0 11-2 0 1 1 0 012 0zm-1 6a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2z"></path>
</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#准备环境">准备环境</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#入门-1">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#创建项目">创建项目</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#检查-django-版本">检查 Django 版本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#创建应用">创建应用</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#应用目录介绍">应用目录介绍</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#视图">视图</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#urls">URLs</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#模板">模板</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" data-num="4" href="#更改设置">更改设置</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#创建表模型">创建表（模型）</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#django-模板">Django 模板</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#模板变量">模板变量</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#模板中创建变量">模板中创建变量</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#数组循环">数组循环</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#模板标签参考">模板标签参考</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#if-语句">If 语句</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#for-循环">For 循环</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#循环变量">循环变量</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#过滤值">过滤值</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#注释">注释</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" data-num="4" href="#注释描述">注释描述</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#双过滤值">双过滤值</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#过滤器标签">过滤器标签</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#cycle">cycle</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#每一行添加行号">每一行添加行号</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#导入模板">导入模板</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#导入模板传入变量">导入模板传入变量</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#过滤器参考">过滤器参考</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#字段查询参考">字段查询参考</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#添加静态文件">添加静态文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#添加-css-文件">添加 CSS 文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#添加-js-文件">添加 JS 文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#添加图片文件">添加图片文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#另见">另见</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-1"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="准备环境"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#准备环境"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>准备环境</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-1-->
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ python <span class="token parameter variable">--version</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Python 3.9.2</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ pip <span class="token parameter variable">--version</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># pip 20.2.3 from c:\python39\lib\site-packages\pip (python 3.9)</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
<p>如果你没有安装 PIP，你可以从这个页面下载并安装它：<a href="https://pypi.org/project/pip/">https://pypi.org/project/pip/</a></p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-4"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="入门-1"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-4-->
<ul class="style-timeline">
<li>
<p>创建虚拟环境</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py <span class="token parameter variable">-m</span> venv myproject <span class="token comment"># Windows</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ python <span class="token parameter variable">-m</span> venv myproject <span class="token comment"># Unix/MacOS</span>
</span></code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<p>其中包含子文件夹和文件，如下所示</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">myproject
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈Include
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈Lib
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈Scripts
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈pyvenv.cfg
</span></code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<p>以下命令来激活环境</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Windows:</span>
</span><span class="code-line">myproject<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Scripts<span class="token punctuation">\</span>activate.bat
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Unix/MacOS:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> myproject/bin/activate
</span></code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<p>提示符中看到以下结果：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Windows:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myproject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Users<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Your Name<span class="token operator">></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Unix/MacOS:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myproject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. $
</span></code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<p>安装 Django</p>
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Windows:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myproject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Users<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Name<span class="token operator">></span>py <span class="token parameter variable">-m</span> pip <span class="token function">install</span> Django
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Unix/MacOS:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myproject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. $ python <span class="token parameter variable">-m</span> pip <span class="token function">install</span> Django
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
</li>
</ul>
<!--rehype:className=style-timeline-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="创建项目"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#创建项目"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>创建项目</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ django-admin startproject myworld
</span></code></pre>
<p>创建了一个 <code>myworld</code> 文件夹，内容如下：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">myworld
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ manage.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ myworld/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ __init__.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ asgi.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ settings.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ urls.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ wsgi.py
</span></code></pre>
<p>运行 Django 项目</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py manage.py runserver <span class="token comment"># Windows</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ python manage.py runserver <span class="token comment"># Unix/MacOS</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>打开一个新的浏览器窗口并在地址栏中输入 127.0.0.1:8000</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="检查-django-版本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#检查-django-版本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>检查 Django 版本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myproject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Users<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Your Name<span class="token operator">></span>django-admin <span class="token parameter variable">--version</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 4.0.3</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="创建应用"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#创建应用"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>创建应用</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py manage.py startapp members
</span></code></pre>
<p>项目中创建了一个名为 <code>members</code> 的文件夹，内容如下：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">myworld
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ manage.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ myworld/
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ members/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ migrations/
</span><span class="code-line"> ┆ ╰┈ __init__.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ __init__.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ admin.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ apps.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ models.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ tests.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ views.py
</span></code></pre>
<p>首先，看一下名为 <code>views.py</code> 的文件。这是我们收集发送回正确响应所需的信息的地方。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="应用目录介绍"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#应用目录介绍"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>应用目录介绍</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<ul>
<li><code>Django</code> 接收 URL，检查 <code>urls.py</code> 文件，并调用与 URL 匹配的视图。</li>
<li>位于 <code>views.py</code> 中的视图检查相关模型。</li>
<li>模型是从 <code>models.py</code> 文件中导入的。</li>
<li>然后视图将数据发送到模板文件夹中的指定模板。</li>
<li>模板包含 <code>HTML</code> 和 <code>Django</code> 标记，并使用数据将完成的 <code>HTML</code> 内容返回给浏览器</li>
</ul>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="视图"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#视图"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>视图</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>Django 视图是接受 <code>http</code> 请求并返回 <code>http</code> 响应的 <code>Python</code> 函数，就像 <code>HTML</code> 文档一样。</p>
<p>使用 <code>Django</code> 的网页充满了不同任务和任务的视图。</p>
<p>视图通常放在一个名为 <code>views.py</code> 的文件中，该文件位于应用程序的文件夹中。</p>
<p>您的 <code>members</code> 文件夹中有一个 <code>views.py</code>，如下所示：</p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-PY code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>shortcuts <span class="token keyword">import</span> render
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Create your views here.</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>找到它并打开它，并将内容替换为：</p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-PY code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>shortcuts <span class="token keyword">import</span> render
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>http <span class="token keyword">import</span> HttpResponse
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">index</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>request<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> HttpResponse<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Hello world!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>这是一个关于如何将响应发送回浏览器的简单示例。</p>
<p>但是我们如何执行视图呢？ 好吧，我们必须通过 URL 调用视图。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="urls"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#urls"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>URLs</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>在与 <code>views.py</code> 文件相同的文件夹中创建一个名为 <code>urls.py</code> 的文件，并在其中输入以下代码：</p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>urls <span class="token keyword">import</span> path
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span> <span class="token keyword">import</span> views
</span><span class="code-line">urlpatterns <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> path<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">''</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> views<span class="token punctuation">.</span>index<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'index'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>刚刚创建的 <code>urls.py</code> 文件是特定于成员应用程序的。我们还必须在根目录 <code>myworld</code> 中进行一些路由。</p>
<p>在 <code>myworld</code> 文件夹中有一个名为 <code>urls.py</code> 的文件，打开该文件并在 <code>import</code> 语句中添加 <code>include</code> 模块，并在列表中添加一个 <code>path()</code> 函数。文件将如下所示：</p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>contrib <span class="token keyword">import</span> admin
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>urls <span class="token keyword">import</span> include<span class="token punctuation">,</span> path
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line">urlpatterns <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> path<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'members/'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> include<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'members.urls'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> path<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'admin/'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> admin<span class="token punctuation">.</span>site<span class="token punctuation">.</span>urls<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>如果服务器未运行，请导航到 <code>/myworld</code> 文件夹并在命令提示符下执行此命令：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py manage.py runserver
</span></code></pre>
<p>在浏览器窗口的地址栏中输入 <code>127.0.0.1:8000/members/</code></p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="模板"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#模板"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>模板</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<p>在 <code>members</code> 文件夹中创建一个 <code>templates</code> 文件夹，并创建一个名为 <code>myfirst.html</code> 的 <code>HTML</code> 文件。文件结构应该是这样的：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">myworld
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ manage.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ myworld/
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ members/
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ templates/
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ myfirst.html
</span></code></pre>
<p>打开 <code>HTML</code> 文件并插入以下内容：</p>
<pre class="language-html"><code class="language-html code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token doctype"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;!</span><span class="token doctype-tag">DOCTYPE</span> <span class="token name">html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>body</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Hello World!<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>欢迎来到我的第一个 Django 项目！<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>body</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>修改视图 <code>members/views.py</code></p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>http <span class="token keyword">import</span> HttpResponse
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>template <span class="token keyword">import</span> loader
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">index</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>request<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> template <span class="token operator">=</span> loader<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'myfirst.html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> HttpResponse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template<span class="token punctuation">.</span>render<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span></code></pre>
<h4 id="更改设置"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#更改设置"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>更改设置</h4>
<p>为了能够处理比“Hello World！”更复杂的东西，我们必须告诉 <code>Django</code> 一个新的应用程序已创建</p>
<p>这是在 <code>myworld</code> 文件夹的 <code>myworld/settings.py</code> 文件中完成的。查找 <code>INSTALLED_APPS[]</code> 列表并添加成员应用程序，如下所示：</p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line">INSTALLED_APPS <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'django.contrib.admin'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'django.contrib.auth'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'django.contrib.contenttypes'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'django.contrib.sessions'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'django.contrib.messages'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'django.contrib.staticfiles'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'members.apps.MembersConfig'</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>然后运行这个命令：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py manage.py migrate
</span></code></pre>
<p>通过导航到 <code>/myworld</code> 文件夹启动服务器并执行以下命令：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py manage.py runserver
</span></code></pre>
<p>在浏览器窗口的地址栏中输入 127.0.0.1:8000/members/</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="创建表模型"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#创建表模型"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>创建表（模型）</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
<p>在 <code>/members/</code> 文件夹中，打开 <code>models.py</code> 文件。要在我们的数据库中添加成员表，首先创建一个成员类，并描述其中的表字段：</p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>db <span class="token keyword">import</span> models
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Members</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>models<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Model<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> firstname <span class="token operator">=</span> models<span class="token punctuation">.</span>CharField<span class="token punctuation">(</span>max_length<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> lastname <span class="token operator">=</span> models<span class="token punctuation">.</span>CharField<span class="token punctuation">(</span>max_length<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>然后导航到 <code>/myworld/</code> 文件夹并运行以下命令：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py manage.py makemigrations members
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Migrations for 'members':</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># members\migrations\0001_initial.py</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># - Create model Members</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>创建一个包含任何新更改的文件并将该文件存储在 <code>/migrations/</code> 文件夹中。下次运行 <code>py manage.py migrate</code> 时，Django 将根据迁移文件夹中新文件的内容创建并执行一条 SQL 语句。运行迁移命令：</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ py manage.py migrate
</span></code></pre>
<p>从模型创建的 SQL 语句是：</p>
<pre class="language-sql"><code class="language-sql code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="token keyword">TABLE</span> <span class="token string">"members_members"</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"id"</span> <span class="token keyword">INT</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">PRIMARY</span> <span class="token keyword">KEY</span> AUTOINCREMENT<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"firstname"</span> <span class="token keyword">varchar</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">"lastname"</span> <span class="token keyword">varchar</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="django-模板"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#django-模板"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Django 模板</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2 row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="模板变量"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#模板变量"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>模板变量</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-2-->
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">&#x3C;!-- template.html --></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>你好 <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">firstname</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>，你好吗？<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>在视图 (<code>views.py</code>) 中创建变量，上面示例中的变量 <code>firstname</code> 通过视图发送到模板：</p>
<pre class="language-py"><code class="language-py code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>http <span class="token keyword">import</span> HttpResponse
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">from</span> django<span class="token punctuation">.</span>template <span class="token keyword">import</span> loader
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">testing</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>request<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> template <span class="token operator">=</span> loader<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'template.html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> context <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token string">'firstname'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'狂徒张三'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> HttpResponse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template<span class="token punctuation">.</span>render<span class="token punctuation">(</span>context<span class="token punctuation">,</span> request<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="模板中创建变量"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#模板中创建变量"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>模板中创建变量</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">with</span> <span class="token variable">firstname</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"Tobias"</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>你好 <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">firstname</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>，你好吗？<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="数组循环"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#数组循环"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>数组循环</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">for</span> <span class="token variable">x</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token variable">mymembers</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">firstname</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-5"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="模板标签参考"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#模板标签参考"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>模板标签参考</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-5-->
<table class="show-header"><thead><tr><th align="left">标签</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>autoescape</code></td><td align="left">指定自动转义模式是打开还是关闭</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>block</code></td><td align="left">指定块部分</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>comment</code></td><td align="left">指定注释部分</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>csrf_token</code></td><td align="left">保护表单免受跨站点请求伪造</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cycle</code></td><td align="left">指定要在循环的每个循环中使用的内容</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>debug</code></td><td align="left">指定调试信息</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>extends</code></td><td align="left">指定父模板</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>filter</code></td><td align="left">在返回之前过滤内容</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>firstof</code></td><td align="left">返回第一个非空变量</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>for</code></td><td align="left">指定一个 for 循环</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>if</code></td><td align="left">指定一个 if 语句</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>ifchanged</code></td><td align="left">仅当自上次迭代以来值已更改时才输出块<br> <em>(用于 for 循环)</em></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>include</code></td><td align="left">指定包含的内容/模板</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>load</code></td><td align="left">从另一个库加载模板标签</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>lorem</code></td><td align="left">输出随机文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>now</code></td><td align="left">输出当前日期/时间</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>regroup</code></td><td align="left">按组对对象进行排序</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>resetcycle</code></td><td align="left">循环使用，重置循环</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>spaceless</code></td><td align="left">删除 HTML 标签之间的空格</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>templatetag</code></td><td align="left">输出指定的模板标签</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>url</code></td><td align="left">返回 URL 的绝对 URL 部分</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>verbatim</code></td><td align="left">指定不应由模板引擎呈现的内容</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>widthratio</code></td><td align="left">给定值和最大值之间的比率计算宽度值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>with</code></td><td align="left">指定要在块中使用的变量</td></tr></tbody></table>
<!--rehype:className=show-header-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="if-语句"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#if-语句"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>If 语句</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">if</span> <span class="token variable">greeting</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Hello<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">elif</span> <span class="token variable">greeting</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Welcome<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">else</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Goodbye<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endif</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="for-循环"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#for-循环"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>For 循环</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">for</span> <span class="token variable">x</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token variable">cars</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">brand</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">model</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">year</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>数据 cars 空的展示内容：</p>
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">for</span> <span class="token variable">x</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token variable">cars</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">brand</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">model</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">year</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">empty</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>No members<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="循环变量"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#循环变量"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>循环变量</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<ul>
<li><code>forloop.counter</code> 当前循环，从 1 开始</li>
<li><code>forloop.counter0</code> 当前循环，从 0 开始</li>
<li><code>forloop.first</code> 循环是否在其第一次循环中</li>
<li><code>forloop.last</code> 循环是否在其最后一次循环中</li>
<li><code>forloop.parentloop</code></li>
<li><code>forloop.revcounter</code> 如果从末尾开始并向后计数，则以 1 结束</li>
<li><code>forloop.revcounter0</code> 如果从末尾开始并向后计数，则以 0 结束</li>
</ul>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="过滤值"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#过滤值"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>过滤值</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>你好 <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">firstname</span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token filter function">upper</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>，你好吗？<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>返回带有大写字母的变量名</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="注释"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#注释"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>注释</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>欢迎大家<span class="token django language-django"><span class="token comment">{# 较小的注释 #}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">comment</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>欢迎女士们先生们<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endcomment</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<h4 id="注释描述"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#注释描述"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>注释描述</h4>
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>欢迎大家<span class="token django language-django"><span class="token comment">{# 较小的注释 #}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">comment</span> <span class="token string">"这是最初的欢迎信息"</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>欢迎女士们先生们<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endcomment</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>注释允许您拥有应该被忽略的代码部分</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="双过滤值"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#双过滤值"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>双过滤值</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>你好 <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">firstname</span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token filter function">first</span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token filter function">upper</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>，你好吗？<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>返回变量 <code>firstname</code> 的第一个字符，小写</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="过滤器标签"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#过滤器标签"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>过滤器标签</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">filter</span> <span class="token variable">upper</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Hello everyone, how are you?<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfilter</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>返回内容大写</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2 row-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="cycle"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#cycle"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>cycle</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-3-->
<p>如果你想为每次循环使用新的背景颜色，你可以使用 <code>cycle</code> 标签来做到这一点</p>
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">for</span> <span class="token variable">x</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token variable">members</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>li</span> <span class="token special-attr"><span class="token attr-name">style</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">'</span><span class="token value css language-css"><span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">cycle</span> <span class="token string">'lightblue'</span> <span class="token string">'pink'</span> <span class="token string">'yellow'</span> <span class="token string">'coral'</span> <span class="token string">'grey'</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">'</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">firstname</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>将参数值保存在变量中，以便以后使用：</p>
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">for</span> <span class="token variable">x</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token variable">members</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">cycle</span> <span class="token string">'lightblue'</span> <span class="token string">'pink'</span> <span class="token string">'yellow'</span> <span class="token string">'coral'</span> <span class="token string">'grey'</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token variable">bgcolor</span> <span class="token variable">silent</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>li</span> <span class="token special-attr"><span class="token attr-name">style</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">'</span><span class="token value css language-css"><span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">bgcolor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">'</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">firstname</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>你注意到 <code>silent</code> 关键字了吗？ 确保添加这个，否则参数值将在输出中显示两次</p>
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">for</span> <span class="token variable">x</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token variable">members</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">cycle</span> <span class="token string">'lightblue'</span> <span class="token string">'pink'</span> <span class="token string">'yellow'</span> <span class="token string">'coral'</span> <span class="token string">'grey'</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token variable">bgcolor</span> <span class="token variable">silent</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">if</span> <span class="token variable">forloop</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">counter</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">resetcycle</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endif</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>li</span> <span class="token special-attr"><span class="token attr-name">style</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">'</span><span class="token value css language-css"><span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">bgcolor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">'</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">x</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">firstname</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>li</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>ul</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>您可以使用 <code>{% resetcycle %}</code> 标签强制循环重新开始</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="每一行添加行号"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#每一行添加行号"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>每一行添加行号</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">filter</span> <span class="token variable">upper</span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token filter function">linenumbers</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>Hello!
</span><span class="code-line">my name is
</span><span class="code-line">Emil.
</span><span class="code-line">What is your name?<span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">endfilter</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>返回内容<code>大写</code>并在每一行添加<code>行号</code></p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="导入模板"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#导入模板"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>导入模板</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p><code>footer.html</code>:</p>
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>您已到达本页底部，感谢您抽出宝贵时间<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<p><code>template.html</code>:</p>
<pre class="language-django"><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Hello<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>此页面包含模板中的页脚<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">'footer.html'</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="导入模板传入变量"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#导入模板传入变量"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>导入模板传入变量</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p><code>mymenu.html</code>:</p>
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>HOME | <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">me</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span> | ABOUT | FORUM | <span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{{</span> <span class="token variable">sponsor</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">}}</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
<p><code>template.html</code>:</p>
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">include</span> <span class="token variable">mymenu</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token variable">html</span> <span class="token keyword">with</span> <span class="token variable">me</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"张三"</span> <span class="token variable">sponsor</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"Reference"</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Welcome<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>h1</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>This is my webpage<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2 row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="过滤器参考"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#过滤器参考"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>过滤器参考</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-2-->
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">Keyword</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>add</code></td><td align="left">添加指定的值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>addslashes</code></td><td align="left">在任何引号字符之前添加一个斜杠，以转义字符串</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>capfirst</code></td><td align="left">返回大写的第一个字母</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>center</code></td><td align="left">使值在指定宽度的中间居中</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cut</code></td><td align="left">删除任何指定的字符或短语</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>date</code></td><td align="left">以指定格式返回日期</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>default</code></td><td align="left">如果值为 <code>False</code>，则返回指定值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>default_if_none</code></td><td align="left">如果值为 <code>None</code>，则返回指定的值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>dictsort</code></td><td align="left">按给定值对字典进行排序</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>dictsortreversed</code></td><td align="left">按给定值对字典进行反向排序</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>divisibleby</code></td><td align="left">如果该值可以除以指定的数字，则返回 <code>True</code>，否则返回 <code>False</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>escape</code></td><td align="left">从字符串中转义 <code>HTML</code> 代码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>escapejs</code></td><td align="left">从字符串中转义 <code>JavaScript</code> 代码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>filesizeformat</code></td><td align="left">将数字返回为文件大小格式</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>first</code></td><td align="left">返回对象的第一项（对于字符串，返回第一个字符）</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>floatformat</code></td><td align="left">将浮点数四舍五入到指定的小数位数，默认为一位小数</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>force_escape</code></td><td align="left">从字符串中转义 <code>HTML</code> 代码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>get_digit</code></td><td align="left">返回数字的特定数字</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>iriencode</code></td><td align="left">将 <code>IRI</code> 转换为 <code>URL</code> 友好字符串</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>join</code></td><td align="left">将列表中的项目返回为字符串</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>json_script</code></td><td align="left">将一个对象返回为由 <code>&#x3C;script>&#x3C;/script></code> 标签包围的 <code>JSON</code> 对象</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>last</code></td><td align="left">返回对象的最后一项（对于字符串，返回最后一个字符）</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>length</code></td><td align="left">返回对象中的项目数，或字符串中的字符数</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>length_is</code></td><td align="left">如果长度与指定的数字相同，则返回 <code>True</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>linebreaks</code></td><td align="left">返回带有 <code>&#x3C;br></code> 而不是换行符和 <code>&#x3C;p></code> 而不是多个换行符的文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>linebreaksbr</code></td><td align="left">返回带有 <code>&#x3C;br></code> 的文本，而不是换行符</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>linenumbers</code></td><td align="left">返回每行带有行号的文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>ljust</code></td><td align="left">根据指定的宽度左对齐值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>lower</code></td><td align="left">以小写字母返回文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>make_list</code></td><td align="left">将值转换为列表对象</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>phone2numeric</code></td><td align="left">将带字母的电话号码转换为数字电话号码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>pluralize</code></td><td align="left">如果指定的数值不是 <code>1</code>，则在值的末尾添加一个 <code>s</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>pprint</code></td><td align="left"></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>random</code></td><td align="left">返回对象的随机项</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>rjust</code></td><td align="left">根据指定的宽度右对齐值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>safe</code></td><td align="left">标记此文本是安全的，不应进行 <code>HTML</code> 转义</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>safeseq</code></td><td align="left">将对象的每个项目标记为安全且项目不应进行 <code>HTML</code> 转义</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>slice</code></td><td align="left">返回文本或对象的指定切片</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>slugify</code></td><td align="left">将文本转换为一个长字母数字小写单词</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>stringformat</code></td><td align="left">将值转换为指定格式</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>striptags</code></td><td align="left">从文本中删除 <code>HTML</code> 标记</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>time</code></td><td align="left">以指定格式返回时间</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>timesince</code></td><td align="left">返回两个日期时间之间的差</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>timeuntil</code></td><td align="left">返回两个日期时间之间的差</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>title</code></td><td align="left">文本中每个单词的第一个字符大写，所有其他字符都转换为小写</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>truncatechars</code></td><td align="left">将字符串缩短为指定数量的字符</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>truncatechars_html</code></td><td align="left">将字符串缩短为指定数量的字符，而不考虑任何 <code>HTML</code> 标记的长度</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>truncatewords</code></td><td align="left">将字符串缩短为指定数量的单词</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>truncatewords_html</code></td><td align="left">将字符串缩短为指定数量的单词，而不考虑任何 <code>HTML</code> 标记</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>unordered_list</code></td><td align="left">将对象的项目返回为无序列的 <code>HTML</code> 列表</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>upper</code></td><td align="left">以大写字母返回文本</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>urlencode</code></td><td align="left"><code>URL</code> 对字符串进行编码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>urlize</code></td><td align="left">将字符串中的任何 <code>URL</code> 作为 <code>HTML</code> 链接返回</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>urlizetrunc</code></td><td align="left">将字符串中的任何 <code>URL</code> 作为 <code>HTML</code> 链接返回，但会将链接缩短为指定的字符数</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>wordcount</code></td><td align="left">返回文本中的单词数</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>wordwrap</code></td><td align="left">以指定的字符数换行</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>yesno</code></td><td align="left">将布尔值转换为指定值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>i18n</code></td><td align="left"></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>l10n</code></td><td align="left"></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>tz</code></td><td align="left"></td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="字段查询参考"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#字段查询参考"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>字段查询参考</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">Keyword</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>contains</code></td><td align="left">包含短语</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>icontains</code></td><td align="left">与包含相同，但不区分大小写</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>date</code></td><td align="left">匹配日期</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>day</code></td><td align="left">匹配日期(日期，1-31)(日期)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>endswith</code></td><td align="left">以。。结束</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>iendswith</code></td><td align="left">与 endwidth 相同，但不区分大小写</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>exact</code></td><td align="left">完全匹配</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>iexact</code></td><td align="left">与精确相同，但不区分大小写</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>in</code></td><td align="left">匹配其中一个值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>isnull</code></td><td align="left">匹配 NULL 值</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>gt</code></td><td align="left">比...更棒</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>gte</code></td><td align="left">大于或等于</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>hour</code></td><td align="left">匹配一个小时(对于日期时间)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>lt</code></td><td align="left">少于</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>lte</code></td><td align="left">小于或等于</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>minute</code></td><td align="left">匹配一分钟(对于日期时间)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>month</code></td><td align="left">匹配一个月(日期)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>quarter</code></td><td align="left">匹配一年中的一个季度 (1-4)(用于日期)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>range</code></td><td align="left">之间的匹配</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>regex</code></td><td align="left">匹配正则表达式</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>iregex</code></td><td align="left">与正则表达式相同，但不区分大小写</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>second</code></td><td align="left">匹配一秒(对于日期时间)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>startswith</code></td><td align="left">以 ... 开始</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>istartswith</code></td><td align="left">与 <code>startswith</code> 相同，但不区分大小写</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>time</code></td><td align="left">匹配时间(用于日期时间)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>week</code></td><td align="left">匹配周数 (<code>1-53</code>)(用于日期)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>week_day</code></td><td align="left">匹配一周中的某一天 (1-7) 1 是星期日</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>iso_week_day</code></td><td align="left">匹配 ISO 8601 星期几 (1-7) 1 是星期一</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>year</code></td><td align="left">匹配一年(日期)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>iso_year</code></td><td align="left">匹配 ISO 8601 年份(日期)</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="添加静态文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#添加静态文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>添加静态文件</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="添加-css-文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#添加-css-文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>添加 CSS 文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">myworld
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ manage.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ myworld/
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ members/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ templates/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ static/
</span><span class="code-line highlight-line"> ╰┈ myfirst.css
</span></code></pre>
<p>打开 <code>CSS</code> 文件 (<code>members/static/myfirst.css</code>) 并插入以下内容：</p>
<pre class="language-css"><code class="language-css code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token selector">body</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token color">lightblue</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token property">font-family</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> verdana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>修改模板 (<code>members/templates/template.html</code>) 引入 css 文件</p>
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line highlight-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">load</span> <span class="token variable">static</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token doctype"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;!</span><span class="token doctype-tag">DOCTYPE</span> <span class="token name">html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line highlight-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>link</span> <span class="token attr-name">rel</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>stylesheet<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">href</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">static</span> <span class="token string">'myfirst.css'</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>body</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="添加-js-文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#添加-js-文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>添加 JS 文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">myworld
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ manage.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ myworld/
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ members/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ templates/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ static/
</span><span class="code-line highlight-line"> ╰┈ myfirst.js
</span></code></pre>
<p>打开 <code>JS</code> 文件 (<code>members/static/myfirst.js</code>) 并插入以下内容：</p>
<pre class="language-js"><code class="language-js code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">myFunction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token function">alert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Hello from a static file!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>修改模板 (<code>members/templates/template.html</code>) 引入 <code>JS</code> 文件</p>
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line highlight-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">load</span> <span class="token variable">static</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token doctype"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;!</span><span class="token doctype-tag">DOCTYPE</span> <span class="token name">html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line highlight-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">static</span> <span class="token string">'myfirst.js'</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>body</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line highlight-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>button</span> <span class="token special-attr"><span class="token attr-name">onclick</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span><span class="token value javascript language-javascript"><span class="token function">myFunction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span><span class="token punctuation">"</span></span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Click me!<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="添加图片文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#添加图片文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>添加图片文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">myworld
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ manage.py
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ myworld/
</span><span class="code-line"> ╰┈ members/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ templates/
</span><span class="code-line"> ├┈ static/
</span><span class="code-line highlight-line"> ╰┈ pineapple.jpg
</span></code></pre>
<p>打开 <code>JS</code> 文件 (<code>members/static/pineapple.jpg</code>) 并插入以下内容：</p>
<pre class="language-js"><code class="language-js code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">myFunction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token function">alert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Hello from a static file!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>修改模板 (<code>members/templates/template.html</code>) 引入 <code>jpg</code> 文件</p>
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-django code-highlight"><span class="code-line highlight-line"><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">load</span> <span class="token variable">static</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token doctype"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;!</span><span class="token doctype-tag">DOCTYPE</span> <span class="token name">html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>body</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line highlight-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;</span>img</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span><span class="token django language-django"><span class="token delimiter punctuation">{%</span> <span class="token tag keyword">static</span> <span class="token string">'pineapple.jpg'</span> <span class="token delimiter punctuation">%}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>body</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&#x3C;/</span>html</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="另见"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#另见"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>另见</h2><div class="wrap-body">
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.djangoproject.com/">Django 官网</a> <em>(djangoproject.com)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://www.runoob.com/django/django-tutorial.html">Django 教程</a> <em>(runoob.com)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://c.biancheng.net/django/">Django 框架教程</a> <em>(biancheng.net)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://www.w3cschool.cn/django4/">Django 4 中文教程</a> <em>(w3cschool.cn)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://www.w3schools.com/django/index.php">Django Tutorial</a> <em>(w3schools.com)</em></li>
</ul>
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"></div></div></div><script src="https://giscus.app/client.js" data-repo="jaywcjlove/reference" data-repo-id="R_kgDOID2-Mw" data-category="Q&#x26;A" data-category-id="DIC_kwDOID2-M84CS5wo" data-mapping="pathname" data-strict="0" data-reactions-enabled="1" data-emit-metadata="0" data-input-position="bottom" data-theme="dark" data-lang="zh-CN" crossorigin="anonymous" async></script><div class="giscus"></div></div><footer class="footer-wrap"><footer class="max-container">© 2022 <a href="https://wangchujiang.com/#/app" target="_blank">Kenny Wang</a>.</footer></footer><script src="../data.js?v=1.8.3" defer></script><script src="../js/fuse.min.js?v=1.8.3" defer></script><script src="../js/main.js?v=1.8.3" defer></script><div id="mysearch"><div class="mysearch-box"><div class="mysearch-input"><div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 18 18">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M17.71,16.29 L14.31,12.9 C15.4069846,11.5024547 16.0022094,9.77665502 16,8 C16,3.581722 12.418278,0 8,0 C3.581722,0 0,3.581722 0,8 C0,12.418278 3.581722,16 8,16 C9.77665502,16.0022094 11.5024547,15.4069846 12.9,14.31 L16.29,17.71 C16.4777666,17.8993127 16.7333625,18.0057983 17,18.0057983 C17.2666375,18.0057983 17.5222334,17.8993127 17.71,17.71 C17.8993127,17.5222334 18.0057983,17.2666375 18.0057983,17 C18.0057983,16.7333625 17.8993127,16.4777666 17.71,16.29 Z M2,8 C2,4.6862915 4.6862915,2 8,2 C11.3137085,2 14,4.6862915 14,8 C14,11.3137085 11.3137085,14 8,14 C4.6862915,14 2,11.3137085 2,8 Z"></path>
</svg><input id="mysearch-input" type="search" placeholder="搜索" autocomplete="off"><div class="mysearch-clear"></div></div><button id="mysearch-close" type="button">搜索</button></div><div class="mysearch-result"><div id="mysearch-menu"></div><div id="mysearch-content"></div></div></div></div></body>
</html>
Reference in New Issue View Git Blame Copy Permalink