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<p><code>Taskset</code> 命令用于设置或检索给定pid的运行进程的CPU相关性，或启动具有给定CPU相关性的新命令</p>
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</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#使用">使用</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" data-num="4" href="#使用-2">使用 #2</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#常用选项">常用选项</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#示例">示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#查看cpu相关性">查看CPU相关性</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#设置-cpu-相关性">设置 CPU 相关性</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" data-num="4" href="#将-cpu-关联性更改为-1">将 CPU 关联性更改为 1</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#设置多个值的cpu-相关性">设置多个值的CPU 相关性</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#将进程的cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心">将进程的CPU亲和性设置为特定的CPU核心</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#获取进程的cpu亲和性">获取进程的CPU亲和性</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#启动一个新进程并将其cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心">启动一个新进程，并将其CPU亲和性设置为特定的CPU核心</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#将已运行进程的cpu亲和性移动到特定的cpu核心">将已运行进程的CPU亲和性移动到特定的CPU核心</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#指定进程只能在指定的cpu核心上运行排他性">指定进程只能在指定的CPU核心上运行（排他性）</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#将所有已运行进程的cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心">将所有已运行进程的CPU亲和性设置为特定的CPU核心</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#在启动新进程时设置cpu亲和性并指定优先级">在启动新进程时设置CPU亲和性，并指定优先级</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#切换已运行进程的cpu亲和性到其他cpu核心">切换已运行进程的CPU亲和性到其他CPU核心</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#将已运行进程的cpu亲和性移动到随机选取的可用cpu核心">将已运行进程的CPU亲和性移动到随机选取的可用CPU核心</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#使用cpu亲和性运行命令并显示其cpu使用情况">使用CPU亲和性运行命令，并显示其CPU使用情况</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#其他">其他</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#另见">另见</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
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</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="使用"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>使用</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>默认行为是使用给定的关联掩码运行新命令</p>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token punctuation">[</span>mask<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>command<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>arguments<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<h4 id="使用-2"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用-2"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>使用 #2</h4>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pid<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<hr>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>mask<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pid<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<p>您还可以检索现有任务的CPU相关性</p>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="常用选项"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#常用选项"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>常用选项</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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<table class="show-header"><thead><tr><th>命令</th><th>候补</th><th>含义</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>-a</code></td><td>--all-tasks</td><td>设置或检索给定PID的所有任务（线程）的CPU相关性</td></tr><tr><td><code>-c</code></td><td>--cpu-list</td><td>将掩码解释为处理器的数字列表，而不是位掩码<br>数字用逗号分隔，可能包括范围。例如：<code>0,5,8-11</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>-p</code></td><td>--pid</td><td>对现有PID进行操作，不要启动新任务</td></tr><tr><td><code>-h</code></td><td>--help</td><td>显示帮助文本并退出</td></tr><tr><td><code>-v</code></td><td>--version</td><td>打印版本并退出</td></tr></tbody></table>
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<!--rehype:className=show-header-->
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</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>示例</h2><div class="wrap-body">
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</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="查看cpu相关性"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#查看cpu相关性"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>查看CPU相关性</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">29523</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">pid <span class="token number">29523</span>'s current affinity list: <span class="token number">0</span>-15
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</span></code></pre>
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<p>这意味着 PID <code>29523</code> 的进程在 CPU 范围 <code>[0,1,...,15]</code> 上处于活动状态，这意味着总共 <code>16</code>。</p>
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<p><strong>PID</strong>：进程标识符 - 是赋予每个正在运行的进程的唯一数字标识符，您可以在 <code>top</code> 或 <code>htop</code> 工具中查看进程的PID</p>
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<p><em>如果您运行上述命令但收到消息 <code>错误使用</code>，请尝试使用 PID = 1</em></p>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="设置-cpu-相关性"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#设置-cpu-相关性"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>设置 CPU 相关性</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>现在让我们尝试将进程设置到指定的CPU。 例如，我们有一个进程 PID = 14846</p>
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<p>我们先看一下该进程的CPU相关性列表：</p>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">14846</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">pid <span class="token number">14846</span>'s current affinity list: <span class="token number">0</span>-15
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</span></code></pre>
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<h4 id="将-cpu-关联性更改为-1"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#将-cpu-关联性更改为-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>将 CPU 关联性更改为 1</h4>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">14846</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">pid <span class="token number">14846</span><span class="token string">'s current affinity list: 0-15
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</span></span><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">pid 14846'</span>s new affinity list: <span class="token number">1</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<p>正如我们所看到的，CPU 相关性发生了变化</p>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="设置多个值的cpu-相关性"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#设置多个值的cpu-相关性"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>设置多个值的CPU 相关性</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>这意味着新的CPU关联列表是<code>[0,1,2,3]</code></p>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">0</span>-3 <span class="token number">14846</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">pid <span class="token number">14846</span><span class="token string">'s current affinity list: 1
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</span></span><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">pid 14846'</span>s new affinity list: <span class="token number">0</span>-3
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</span></code></pre>
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<p>您可以使用以下命令设置单个CPU：</p>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">5,8</span>,12 <span class="token number">14846</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">pid <span class="token number">14846</span><span class="token string">'s current affinity list: 0-3
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</span></span><span class="code-line"><span class="token string">pid 14846'</span>s new affinity list: <span class="token number">5,8</span>,12
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</span></code></pre>
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<p>这意味着新的CPU关联列表是<code>[5,8,12]</code></p>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="将进程的cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#将进程的cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>将进程的CPU亲和性设置为特定的CPU核心</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_mask<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>pid<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset -p 0x00000001 12345</code> 将进程ID为12345的进程的CPU亲和性设置为CPU核心 0。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="获取进程的cpu亲和性"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#获取进程的cpu亲和性"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>获取进程的CPU亲和性</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>pid<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset -p 12345</code> 将显示进程ID为12345的进程的CPU亲和性。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="启动一个新进程并将其cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#启动一个新进程并将其cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>启动一个新进程，并将其CPU亲和性设置为特定的CPU核心</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_mask<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>command<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset 0x00000001 ./my_program</code> 将以CPU核心 0 的亲和性运行 ./my_program。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="将已运行进程的cpu亲和性移动到特定的cpu核心"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#将已运行进程的cpu亲和性移动到特定的cpu核心"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>将已运行进程的CPU亲和性移动到特定的CPU核心</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-c</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_list<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>pid<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset -p -c 0,1 12345</code> 将进程ID为12345的进程的CPU亲和性移动到CPU核心 0 和 1。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="指定进程只能在指定的cpu核心上运行排他性"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#指定进程只能在指定的cpu核心上运行排他性"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>指定进程只能在指定的CPU核心上运行（排他性）</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--exclusive</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_mask<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>pid<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset -p --exclusive 0x00000001 12345</code> 将进程ID为12345的进程限制在CPU核心 0 上运行。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="将所有已运行进程的cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#将所有已运行进程的cpu亲和性设置为特定的cpu核心"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>将所有已运行进程的CPU亲和性设置为特定的CPU核心</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-a</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_mask<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset -a -p 0x00000001</code> 将所有进程的CPU亲和性设置为CPU核心 0。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="在启动新进程时设置cpu亲和性并指定优先级"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#在启动新进程时设置cpu亲和性并指定优先级"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>在启动新进程时设置CPU亲和性，并指定优先级</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-c</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_mask<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token function">nice</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>priority<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>command<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset -c 0x00000001 nice -n 10 ./my_program</code> 将以 CPU 核心 <code>0</code> 的亲和性和优先级 <code>10</code> 运行 <code>./my_program</code>。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="切换已运行进程的cpu亲和性到其他cpu核心"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#切换已运行进程的cpu亲和性到其他cpu核心"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>切换已运行进程的CPU亲和性到其他CPU核心</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_mask<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token parameter variable">-P</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>pid<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：<code>taskset -p 0x00000001 -P 12345</code> 将进程ID为12345的进程的CPU亲和性切换到CPU核心 0。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="将已运行进程的cpu亲和性移动到随机选取的可用cpu核心"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#将已运行进程的cpu亲和性移动到随机选取的可用cpu核心"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>将已运行进程的CPU亲和性移动到随机选取的可用CPU核心</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> --cpu-list - <span class="token operator"><</span>pid<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> --cpu-list - <span class="token number">12345</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>将进程ID为12345的进程的CPU亲和性移动到一个可用的CPU核心。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="使用cpu亲和性运行命令并显示其cpu使用情况"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用cpu亲和性运行命令并显示其cpu使用情况"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>使用CPU亲和性运行命令，并显示其CPU使用情况</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token operator"><</span>cpu_mask<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>command<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">&</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">top</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>pid<span class="token operator">></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>例如：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset 0x00000001 ./my_program <span class="token operator">&</span>
|
||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">top</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>pgrep my_program<span class="token variable">)</span></span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>将以CPU核心 <code>0</code> 的亲和性运行 <code>./my_program</code>，并显示该进程的CPU使用情况。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="其他"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#其他"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>其他</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<p>您可以通过范围设置与其他类似指定CPU的相关性</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">1</span>-3,12 <span class="token number">14846</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>或</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ taskset <span class="token parameter variable">-cp</span> <span class="token number">1</span>-6:2 <span class="token number">14846</span>
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>后缀 <code>:N</code> 指定范围内的步幅，例如 <code>0-10:3</code> 被解释为 <code>0,3,6,9</code> 列表。</p>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="另见"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#另见"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>另见</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||
<p><a href="https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/taskset.1.html">taskset — Linux manual page</a> <em>(man7.org)</em></p>
|
||
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