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<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#cargo-备忘清单"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Cargo 备忘清单</h1><div class="wrap-body">
<p>此快速参考备忘清单 <a href="https://conan.io/">Cargo</a> 提供了编译 <a href="./rust.html">Rust</a> 常用命令和示例</p>
</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
<path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 4a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2zm3.75-1.5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zM3 8a1 1 0 11-2 0 1 1 0 012 0zm-1 6a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2z"></path>
</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#安装升级-rust-和-cargo">安装/升级 Rust 和 Cargo</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#命令说明">命令说明</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#切换源">切换源</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#创建新项目">创建新项目</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#来源配置">来源配置</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#编译测试">编译测试</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" data-num="4" href="#测试">测试</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#配置目标">配置目标</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#项目目录">项目目录</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#配置">配置</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#包相关命令">包相关命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#initnew">init/new</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#安装包">安装包</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#搜索包">搜索包</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#卸载包">卸载包</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#发布命令">发布命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#登录">登录</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#所有者">所有者</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#打包--发布公共选项">打包 &#x26; 发布公共选项</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#打包">打包</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#发布">发布</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#yank">yank</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#另见">另见</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="安装升级-rust-和-cargo"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#安装升级-rust-和-cargo"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>安装/升级 Rust 和 Cargo</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-sSf</span> https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup.sh <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sh</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
<p>在 Linux 和 macOS 系统上，这可以通过以上方命令完成</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo">Cargo 开源仓库</a> <em>(github.com)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo">Cargo 官网</a> <em>(doc.rust-lang.org)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://www.rustwiki.org.cn/zh-CN/cargo/index.html">Cargo 官网(中文)</a> <em>(rustwiki.org.cn)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://crates.io/">Rust 社区的 crate 仓库</a> <em>(crates.io)</em></li>
</ul>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="命令说明"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#命令说明"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>命令说明</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">:-</th><th align="left">:-</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo version</code></td><td align="left">显示版本信息以确认 Cargo 已安装</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo new</code></td><td align="left">创建一个新项目</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo test</code></td><td align="left">在项目中运行单元测试</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo check</code></td><td align="left">快速编译项目，无需生成二进制文件来检查错误</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo fmt</code></td><td align="left">自动格式化代码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo build</code></td><td align="left">编译一个项目</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo run</code></td><td align="left">一步编译和运行项目</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo clippy --all-targets -- --D warnings</code></td><td align="left">Linter 检查错误</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>cargo tarpaulin --ignore-tests</code></td><td align="left">检查代码覆盖率</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 style="background:#e91e63;-" id="切换源"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#切换源"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>切换源</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2&style=background:#e91e63;--->
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">touch</span> ~/.cargo/config <span class="token comment"># 添加配置文件</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">vim</span> ~/.cargo/config <span class="token comment"># 编辑配置文件</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>配置文件 <code>config</code> 内容</p>
<pre class="language-toml"><code class="language-toml code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">source.crates-io</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">registry</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">replace-with</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">'tuna'</span> <span class="token comment"># 👈 如果需要提交包注释配置源</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">source.tuna</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">registry</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/crates.io-index.git"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># registry = "git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/crates.io-index"</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>💥 注意切换源需要删除缓存目录</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">rm</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-rf</span> ~/.cargo/.package-cache <span class="token comment"># ⚠️ 删除缓存目录内容</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="创建新项目"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#创建新项目"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>创建新项目</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> new hello_world <span class="token parameter variable">--bin</span>
</span></code></pre>
<hr>
<ul>
<li><code>--bin</code> 正在制作一个二进制程序</li>
<li><code>--lib</code> 正在创建一个库(lib)</li>
</ul>
<p>得到如下目录:</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> hello_world
</span><span class="code-line">$ tree <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</span><span class="code-line">├── Cargo.toml
</span><span class="code-line">└── src
</span><span class="code-line"> └── main.rs
</span></code></pre>
<p><code>Cargo.toml</code> 被称为一个 <code>manifest</code> 元清单，它包含了 <code>Cargo</code> 编译项目所需的所有元数据</p>
<pre class="language-toml"><code class="language-toml code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"hello_world"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.0"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">authors</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"Your Name &#x3C;you@example.com>"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2018"</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>入口文件 <code>src/main.rs</code></p>
<pre class="language-rust"><code class="language-rust code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Hello, world!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>运行编译生成 <code>hello_world</code> 二进制文件</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> build
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 文件放入 `target/release` 目录</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> build <span class="token parameter variable">--release</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>然后运行它:</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ ./target/debug/hello_world
</span><span class="code-line">Hello, world<span class="token operator">!</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>也可以直接使用 <code>cargo run</code>，它会自行<code>编译</code>并<code>运行</code>它:</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> run
</span><span class="code-line"> Running <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">`</span>target/hello_world<span class="token variable">`</span></span>
</span><span class="code-line">Hello, world<span class="token operator">!</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="来源配置"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#来源配置"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>来源配置</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-toml code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># `source` 表下，就是存储有关要更换的来源名称</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">source</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 在`source` 表格之下的，可为一定数量的有关来源名称. 示例下面就，定义了一个新源， 叫 `my-awesome-source`，其内容来自本地，`vendor`目录 ，其相对于包含 `.cargo/config` 文件的目录</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">source.my-awesome-source</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">directory</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"vendor"</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Git sources 也指定一个 branch/tag/rev</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">git</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"https://example.com/path/to/repo"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># branch = "master"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># tag = "v1.0.1"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># rev = "313f44e8"</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># crates.io 默认源 在"crates-io"名称下，且在这里我们使用 `replace-with` 字段指明 默认源更换成"my-awesome-source"源</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">source.crates-io</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">replace-with</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"my-awesome-source"</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="编译测试"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#编译测试"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>编译测试</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 编译输出二进制文件，放入 `target/debug` 目录</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> build
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 输出二进制文件，放入 `target/release` 目录</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> build <span class="token parameter variable">--release</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> run <span class="token comment"># 编译并运行</span>
</span></code></pre>
<h4 id="测试"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#测试"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>测试</h4>
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> <span class="token comment"># 运行你的所有测试</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 指定函数过滤器</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test_foo <span class="token comment"># 开头是 test_foo 的函数都会运行，例如(test_foo_bar)</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 指定特定模块中的测试函数(通常可以简写 cargo test foo::bar::tests::test_foo)</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--package</span> rustt <span class="token parameter variable">--lib</span> -- foo::bar::tests::test_foo <span class="token parameter variable">--exact</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--nocapture</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 指定特定测试的模块(通常可以简写 cargo test foo::bar::tests)</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--package</span> rustt <span class="token parameter variable">--lib</span> -- foo::bar::tests <span class="token parameter variable">--nocapture</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="配置目标"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#配置目标"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>配置目标</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-toml code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># ...</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">lib</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 生成目标与库的名称. 本该默认是包名, 替换所有破折号为 下划线. (Rust `extern crate` 声明会参考该名；因此，该值必须是可用的有效Rust标识符)</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"foo"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 该字段，指向 crate 的入口(位置), 路径相对于 `Cargo.toml`.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">path</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"src/lib.rs"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 一个给目标启用单元测试 的 标志. 会被 `cargo test`使用.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">test</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 一个给目标启用文档测试 的 标志. 只与库相关, 不会影响其他部分。会被 `cargo test`使用.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">doctest</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 一个给目标启用基准 的 标志. 会被 `cargo bench`使用.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">bench</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 一个给目标启用文档 的 标志. 会被 `cargo doc`使用.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">doc</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 若该目标为 编译器扩展, 那要把该字段设为 true，以让 Cargo 正确编译和，可用于所有依赖项.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">plugin</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 若该目标为 "macros 1.1" 程序宏, 那要把该字段设为 true</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">proc-macro</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 若设为 false, `cargo test` 会为 rustc 省略 `--test` 标志, 这阻止它生成测试工具 这在二进制存在，构建管理测试运行器本身的情况下，有用.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">harness</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 若设置了，那 目标会使用一个与`[package]`配置不同的版本, 也许是，编译一个库 2018年版本或，编译单元测试的2015年版本. 默认情况下所有目标都使用`[package]`中指定的版本进行编译。</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">'2015'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="项目目录"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#项目目录"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>项目目录</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</span><span class="code-line">├── Cargo.lock
</span><span class="code-line">├── Cargo.toml
</span><span class="code-line">├── benches <span class="token comment"># 基准目录</span>
</span><span class="code-line">│ └── large-input.rs
</span><span class="code-line">├── examples <span class="token comment"># 示例</span>
</span><span class="code-line">│ └── simple.rs
</span><span class="code-line">├── src <span class="token comment"># 源代码</span>
</span><span class="code-line">│ ├── bin
</span><span class="code-line">│ │ └── another_executable.rs
</span><span class="code-line">│ ├── lib.rs <span class="token comment"># 默认库</span>
</span><span class="code-line">│ └── main.rs <span class="token comment"># 入口文件</span>
</span><span class="code-line">└── tests <span class="token comment"># 集成测试</span>
</span><span class="code-line"> └── some-integration-tests.rs
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="配置"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#配置"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>配置</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="wrap-text "><code class="language-toml code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 每个源都有自己的表格，名称即是表名</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">source.the-source-name</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 命令 `the-source-name` 会被 `another-source`取代</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">replace-with</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"another-source"</span>
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 有几种可用的源定义(接下来有所描述)</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">registry</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"https://example.com/path/to/index"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">local-registry</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"path/to/registry"</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token key property">directory</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"path/to/vendor"</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
<p>更换源的配置通过完成 <code>.cargo/config</code>，上面是全套可用字段</p>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="包相关命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#包相关命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>包相关命令</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="initnew"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#initnew"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>init/new</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<p>创建一个新的 <code>cargo</code> 包</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> init <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>path<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> new <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>path<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<ul class="style-arrow">
<li><code>--bin</code> 创建具有二进制目标 (src/main.rs) 的包(默认行为)</li>
<li><code>--lib</code> 使用库目标 (src/lib.rs) 创建一个包</li>
<li><code>--edition edition</code> 指定要使用的 Rust 版本。默认值为 <code>2021</code>。可能的值：2015、2018、2021</li>
<li><code>--name name</code> 设置包名。默认为目录名称</li>
<li><code>--vcs vcs</code> 为给定的版本控制系统（git、hg、pijul 或fossil）初始化一个新的 VCS 存储库，或者根本不初始化任何版本控制（无）</li>
<li><code>--registry registry</code> 限制仅发布到该注册表</li>
</ul>
<!--rehype:className=style-arrow-->
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> new foo
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="安装包"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#安装包"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>安装包</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 从 crates.io 安装或升级软件包：</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> <span class="token function">install</span> ripgrep
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 在当前目录安装或重新安装包：</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> <span class="token function">install</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--path</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 查看已安装包的列表：</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> <span class="token function">install</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--list</span>
</span></code></pre>
<hr>
<ul>
<li><code>--vers version</code></li>
<li><code>--version version</code> 指定要安装的版本</li>
<li><code>--git url</code> 用于安装指定 crate 的 Git URL</li>
<li><code>--branch branch</code> 从 git 安装时要使用的分支</li>
<li><code>--tag tag</code> 从 git 安装时使用的标记</li>
<li><code>--rev sha</code> 从 git 安装时使用的特定提交</li>
<li><code>--path path</code> 要安装的本地 crate 的文件系统路径</li>
<li><code>--list</code> 列出所有已安装的软件包及其版本</li>
<li><code>-f</code>, <code>--force</code> 强制覆盖现有的 crate 或二进制文件</li>
</ul>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="搜索包"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#搜索包"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>搜索包</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> search <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>query<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>--limit limit</code> 限制结果数量(默认值：10，最大值：100)</li>
<li><code>--index index</code> 要使用的注册表索引的 URL</li>
<li><code>--registry registry</code> 要使用的注册表的名称</li>
</ul>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> search serde
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="卸载包"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#卸载包"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>卸载包</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> uninstall <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>spec<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>-p</code>, <code>--package spec...</code> 要卸载的软件包</li>
<li><code>--bin name...</code> 仅卸载二进制名称</li>
<li><code>--root dir</code> 从中卸载软件包的目录</li>
</ul>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> uninstall ripgrep
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="发布命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#发布命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>发布命令</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="登录"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#登录"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>登录</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> login <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>token<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<hr>
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">:-</th><th align="left">:-</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>--registry</code></td><td align="left">要使用的注册表的名称</td></tr></tbody></table>
<hr>
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">:-</th><th align="left">:-</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>-v</code>, <code>--verbose</code></td><td align="left">启用更加详细的输出</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-q</code>, <code>--quiet</code></td><td align="left">不输出Cargo的日志信息</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--color when</code></td><td align="left">输出内容的颜色 <code>auto</code>, <code>always</code>, <code>never</code></td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="所有者"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#所有者"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>所有者</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 列出包的所有者：</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> owner <span class="token parameter variable">--list</span> foo
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 邀请所有者加入包：</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> owner <span class="token parameter variable">--add</span> username foo
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># 从包中删除所有者：</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> owner <span class="token parameter variable">--remove</span> username foo
</span></code></pre>
<hr>
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">:-</th><th align="left">:-</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>--token token</code></td><td align="left">身份验证时使用的 API 令牌</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>--index index</code></td><td align="left">要使用的注册表索引的 URL</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="打包--发布公共选项"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#打包--发布公共选项"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>打包 &#x26; 发布公共选项</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
<p>选择包</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-p spec...</code>, <code>--package spec...</code> Package 指定包</li>
<li><code>--workspace</code> Package 工作区中的全体成员</li>
<li><code>--exclude SPEC...</code> 排除指定包</li>
</ul>
<p>编译选项</p>
<ul>
<li><code>--target triple</code> 为指定架构执行 Package</li>
<li><code>--target-dir directory</code> 用于存放生成的工件以及中间文件的目录</li>
</ul>
<p>特性选择</p>
<ul>
<li><code>--features features</code> 传递以空格或者逗号分隔的列表，其中给出要启用的特性</li>
<li><code>--all-features</code> 为给定的包启用全部可用特性</li>
<li><code>--no-default-features</code> 不启用给定包的default特性</li>
</ul>
<p>清单选项</p>
<ul>
<li><code>--manifest-path path</code> 用于指定 Cargo.toml 文件的路径</li>
<li><code>--frozen</code>, <code>--locked</code> 这两个选项用于保证Cargo.lock文件是最新的</li>
<li><code>--offline</code> 禁止Cargo访问网络</li>
</ul>
<p>混杂选项</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-j N</code>, <code>--jobs N</code> 要并行运行的作业数量</li>
</ul>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="打包"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#打包"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>打包</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>将本地包打包为可分发的压缩文件</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> package <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<hr>
<ul>
<li><code>-l</code>, <code>--list</code> 输出包中包含的文件(不实际进行打包)。</li>
<li><code>--no-verify</code> 构建包时不进行校验。</li>
<li><code>--no-metadata</code> 忽略 缺少可读的元信息(如描述信息或采用的授权协议) 时产生的警告。</li>
<li><code>--allow-dirty</code> 允许打包 在版本控制系统中仍有未提交内容 的包。</li>
</ul>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="发布"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#发布"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>发布</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> publish <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>发布选项</p>
<ul>
<li><code>--dry-run</code> 在不上传的情况下执行所有检查</li>
<li><code>--token token</code> 身份验证时使用的 API 令牌</li>
<li><code>--no-verify</code> 不要通过构建内容来验证内容</li>
<li><code>--allow-dirty</code> 允许打包具有未提交的 VCS 更改的工作目录</li>
<li><code>--index index</code> 要使用的注册表索引的 URL</li>
<li><code>--registry registry</code> 要发布到的注册表的名称</li>
</ul>
<p>打包选择</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-p spec</code>, <code>--package spec</code> 要发布的包</li>
</ul>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="yank"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#yank"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>yank</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>从服务器的索引中删除以前发布的 crate 版本</p>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cargo</span> yank <span class="token parameter variable">--vers</span> <span class="token number">1.0</span>.7 foo
</span></code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>--vers version</code> 要 yank 或 un-yank 的版本</li>
<li><code>--undo</code> 撤消 yank，将版本放回索引中</li>
<li><code>--token token</code> 身份验证时使用的 API 令牌</li>
<li><code>--index index</code> 要使用的注册表索引的 URL</li>
<li><code>--registry registry</code> 要使用的注册表名称</li>
</ul>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="另见"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#另见"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>另见</h2><div class="wrap-body">
<ul>
<li><a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/cargo/">The Cargo Book</a> <em>(doc.rust-lang.org)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://www.rustwiki.org.cn/zh-CN/cargo/index.html">Cargo 手册 中文版</a> <em>(rustwiki.org.cn)</em></li>
</ul>
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