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<html lang="en" data-color-mode="dark">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>C++ 备忘清单
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& cpp cheatsheet & Quick Reference</title>
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<meta description="提供基本语法和方法的 C++ 快速参考备忘单为开发人员分享快速参考备忘单。">
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<path fill="currentColor" d="M77.4039102,0.01171875 C104.893578,0.01171875 130.532863,14.8054453 144.312707,38.6186211 L110.875113,57.9682852 C103.978656,46.0481602 91.1520117,38.6428945 77.4039102,38.6428945 C56.1021016,38.6428945 38.7718008,55.9731953 38.7718008,77.2750039 C38.7718008,98.5758789 56.1021016,115.90618 77.4039102,115.90618 C91.1529453,115.90618 103.97959,108.500914 110.87698,96.5789219 L144.314574,115.927652 C130.53473,139.743629 104.895445,154.537355 77.4039102,154.537355 C34.800293,154.537355 0.140625,119.877688 0.140625,77.2750039 C0.140625,34.6713867 34.800293,0.01171875 77.4039102,0.01171875 Z M146.080934,64.3970117 L146.080934,72.9823398 L154.666262,72.9823398 L154.666262,81.5667344 L146.080934,81.5667344 L146.080934,90.1520625 L137.497473,90.1520625 L137.497473,81.5667344 L128.912145,81.5667344 L128.912145,72.9823398 L137.497473,72.9823398 L137.497473,64.3970117 L146.080934,64.3970117 Z M178.274047,64.3970117 L178.274047,72.9823398 L186.859375,72.9823398 L186.859375,81.5667344 L178.274047,81.5667344 L178.274047,90.1520625 L169.690586,90.1520625 L169.690586,81.5667344 L161.105258,81.5667344 L161.105258,72.9823398 L169.690586,72.9823398 L169.690586,64.3970117 L178.274047,64.3970117 Z"></path></svg><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#c-备忘清单"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>C++ 备忘清单</h1><div class="wrap-body">
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<p>提供基本语法和方法的 <a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/">C++</a> 快速参考备忘单</p>
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</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#hellocpp">hello.cpp</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#变量">变量</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#原始数据类型">原始数据类型</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#用户输入">用户输入</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#交换">交换</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#注释">注释</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#if-语句">If 语句</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#循环">循环</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#函数">函数</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#引用">引用</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#命名空间">命名空间</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#c-数组">C++ 数组</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#定义">定义</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#操控">操控</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#展示">展示</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#多维">多维</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#c-条件">C++ 条件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#if-clause">If Clause</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#else-if-语句">Else if 语句</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#运算符">运算符</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" href="#关系运算符">关系运算符</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" href="#赋值运算符">赋值运算符</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" href="#逻辑运算符">逻辑运算符</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve4 tocs-link" href="#位运算符">位运算符</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#三元运算符">三元运算符</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#switch-语句">switch 语句</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#c-循环">C++ 循环</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#while">While</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#do-while">Do-while</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#continue-语句">Continue 语句</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#无限循环">无限循环</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#for_each-c11-起">for_each (C++11 起)</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#基于范围-c11-起">基于范围 (C++11 起)</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#中断语句">中断语句</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#several-variations">Several variations</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#c-函数">C++ 函数</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#参数和返回">参数和返回</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#重载">重载</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#内置函数">内置函数</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#c-预处理器">C++ 预处理器</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#预处理器">预处理器</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#includes">Includes</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#defines">Defines</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#if">If</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#error">Error</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#宏">宏</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#令牌连接">令牌连接</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#字符串化">字符串化</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#文件和行">文件和行</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#各种各样的">各种各样的</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#转义序列">转义序列</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#关键字">关键字</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" href="#预处理器-1">预处理器</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" href="#另见">另见</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
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</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="hellocpp"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#hellocpp"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>hello.cpp</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Hello Quick Reference\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<p>编译运行</p>
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<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ g++ hello.cpp <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> hello
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</span><span class="code-line">$ ./hello
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</span><span class="code-line">Hello Quick Reference
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="变量"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#变量"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>变量</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 整数</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">float</span> f <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0.95</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 浮点数</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">double</span> PI <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3.14159</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 浮点数</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">char</span> yes <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token char">'Y'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 特点</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string s <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"ME"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 字符串（文本）</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">bool</span> isRight <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 布尔值</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 常量</span>
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</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">float</span> RATE <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0.8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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<hr>
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<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> age <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">25</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 自 C++11</span>
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</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> age<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 打印 25</span>
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</span></code></pre>
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</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="原始数据类型"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#原始数据类型"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>原始数据类型</h3><div class="wrap-body">
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|
||||
<table class="show-header"><thead><tr><th align="left">数据类型</th><th>大小</th><th>范围</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>int</code></td><td>4 bytes</td><td>-2<sup>31</sup> 到 2<sup>31</sup>-1</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>float</code></td><td>4 bytes</td><td><em>N/A</em></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>double</code></td><td>8 bytes</td><td><em>N/A</em></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>char</code></td><td>1 byte</td><td>-128 到 127</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>bool</code></td><td>1 byte</td><td><code>true</code> / <code>false</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>void</code></td><td><em>N/A</em></td><td><em>N/A</em></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>wchar_t</code></td><td>2 到 4 bytes</td><td>1 个宽字符</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||||
<!--rehype:className=show-header-->
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="用户输入"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#用户输入"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>用户输入</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> num<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Type a number: "</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cin <span class="token operator">>></span> num<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"You entered "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> num<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="交换"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#交换"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>交换</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> b <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">swap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> b<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: a=10, b=5</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"a="</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> a <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">", b="</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> b<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="注释"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#注释"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>注释</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// C++中的单行注释</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">/* 这是一个多行注释
|
||||
</span></span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"> 在 C++ 中 */</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="if-语句"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#if-语句"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>If 语句</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>a <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment">// do something</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<p>查看: <a href="#c-%E6%9D%A1%E4%BB%B6">条件</a></p>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="循环"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#循环"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>循环</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> i <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<p>查看: <a href="#c-%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF">循环 Loops</a></p>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="函数"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#函数"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>函数</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 声明</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token comment">// 主函数</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 执行函数</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token comment">// 定义</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Hello Quick Reference!\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<p>查看: <a href="#c-%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0">函数 Functions</a></p>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="引用"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#引用"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>引用</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&</span> ri <span class="token operator">=</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// ri 是对 i 的引用</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">ri <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// i 现在改为 2</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"i="</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// i 现在改为 3</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"ri="</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> ri<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<p><code>ri</code> 和 <code>i</code> 指的是相同的内存位置</p>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="命名空间"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#命名空间"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>命名空间</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">namespace</span> ns1 <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">val</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> ns1<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">val</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">namespace</span> ns1 <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">val</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> ns1<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token function">val</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<p>名称空间允许名称下的全局标识符</p>
|
||||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="c-数组"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#c-数组"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>C++ 数组</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="定义"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#定义"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>定义</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>array<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token operator">></span> marks<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 定义</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">marks<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">92</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">marks<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">97</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">marks<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 定义和初始化</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>array<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">92</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">97</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 有空成员</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>array<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token operator">></span> marks <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">92</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">97</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> marks<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 输出: 0</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="操控"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#操控"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>操控</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line">┌─────┬─────┬─────┬─────┬─────┬─────┐
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">92</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">97</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">98</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">99</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">98</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">94</span> <span class="token operator">|</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">└─────┴─────┴─────┴─────┴─────┴─────┘
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token number">5</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>array<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token operator">></span> marks <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token number">92</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">97</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">94</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 打印第一个元素</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> marks<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 将第 2 个元素更改为 99</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">marks<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 从用户那里获取输入</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cin <span class="token operator">>></span> marks<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="展示"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#展示"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>展示</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">char</span> ref<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token char">'R'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token char">'e'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token char">'f'</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 基于范围的for循环</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>n <span class="token operator">:</span> ref<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> n<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 传统的for循环</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token keyword">sizeof</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ref<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>i<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> ref<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="多维"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#多维"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>多维</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"> j0 j1 j2 j3 j4 j5
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> ┌────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">i0 <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">6</span> <span class="token operator">|</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">i1 <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">6</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">|</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> └────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┘
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> x<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>i<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> j <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>j<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> x<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 5 4 3 2 1 </span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="c-条件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#c-条件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>C++ 条件</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="if-clause"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#if-clause"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>If Clause</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>a <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment">// do something</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>number <span class="token operator">%</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"even"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">else</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"odd"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: even</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="else-if-语句"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#else-if-语句"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Else if 语句</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> score <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>score <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Superb"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>score <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">90</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Excellent"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>score <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Very Good"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>score <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">70</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Good"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>score <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">60</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"OK"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">else</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"What?"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="运算符"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#运算符"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>运算符</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||||
<h4 id="关系运算符"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#关系运算符"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>关系运算符</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">:--</th><th>--</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>a == b</code></td><td>a 等于 b</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a != b</code></td><td>a 不等于 b</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a < b</code></td><td>a 小于 b</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a > b</code></td><td>a 大于 b</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a <= b</code></td><td>a 小于或等于 b</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a >= b</code></td><td>a 大于或等于 b</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||||
<h4 id="赋值运算符"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#赋值运算符"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>赋值运算符</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">范例</th><th>相当于</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>a += b</code></td><td><em>Aka</em> <code>a = a + b</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a -= b</code></td><td><em>Aka</em> <code>a = a - b</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a *= b</code></td><td><em>Aka</em> <code>a = a * b</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a /= b</code></td><td><em>Aka</em> <code>a = a / b</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a %= b</code></td><td><em>Aka</em> <code>a = a % b</code></td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||||
<h4 id="逻辑运算符"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#逻辑运算符"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>逻辑运算符</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<table><thead><tr><th>Example</th><th>Meaning</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>exp1 && exp2</code></td><td>Both are true <em>(AND)</em></td></tr><tr><td>`exp1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><code>!exp</code></td><td><code>exp</code> is false <em>(NOT)</em></td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||||
<h4 id="位运算符"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#位运算符"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>位运算符</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<table><thead><tr><th>Operator</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>a & b</code></td><td>Binary AND</td></tr><tr><td>`a</td><td>b`</td></tr><tr><td><code>a ^ b</code></td><td>Binary XOR</td></tr><tr><td><code>a ~ b</code></td><td>Binary One's Complement</td></tr><tr><td><code>a << b</code></td><td>Binary Shift Left</td></tr><tr><td><code>a >> b</code></td><td>Binary Shift Right</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="三元运算符"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#三元运算符"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>三元运算符</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre><code class="code-highlight"><span class="code-line"> ┌── True ──┐
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">Result = Condition ? Exp1 : Exp2;
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> └───── False ─────┘
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> x <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> y <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> max<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">max <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>x <span class="token operator">></span> y<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">?</span> x <span class="token operator">:</span> y<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: 5</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> max <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> x <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> y <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> max<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>x <span class="token operator">></span> y<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> max <span class="token operator">=</span> x<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> max <span class="token operator">=</span> y<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: 5</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> max <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="switch-语句"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#switch-语句"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>switch 语句</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> num <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">switch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>num<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Zero"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"One"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Two"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Three"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">default</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"What?"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="c-循环"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#c-循环"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>C++ 循环</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="while"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#while"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>While</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: 012345</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="do-while"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#do-while"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Do-while</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">do</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator"><=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: 12345</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="continue-语句"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#continue-语句"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Continue 语句</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator">%</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">continue</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment">// 输出: 13579</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="无限循环"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#无限循环"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>无限循环</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token comment">// true or 1</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"无限循环"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"无限循环"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"infinite loop"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="for_each-c11-起"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#for_each-c11-起"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>for_each (C++11 起)</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">auto</span> print <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> num<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> num <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>array<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token operator">></span> arr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">for_each</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> print<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="基于范围-c11-起"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#基于范围-c11-起"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>基于范围 (C++11 起)</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> n <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> n <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: 1 2 3 4 5</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line">std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string hello <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"Quick Reference.ME"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">char</span> c<span class="token operator">:</span> hello<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> c <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: Q u i c k R e f . M E </span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="中断语句"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#中断语句"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>中断语句</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> password<span class="token punctuation">,</span> times <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>password <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">1234</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>times<span class="token operator">++</span> <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Locked!\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Password: "</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cin <span class="token operator">>></span> password<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// input</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="several-variations"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#several-variations"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Several variations</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> j <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> j<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"i="</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> i <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">","</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"j="</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> j <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">";"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment">// 输出: i=0,j=2;i=1,j=1;i=2,j=0;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="c-函数"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#c-函数"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>C++ 函数</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="参数和返回"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#参数和返回"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>参数和返回</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> b<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token keyword">return</span> a <span class="token operator">+</span> b<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<p><code>add</code> 是一个接受 2 个整数并返回整数的函数</p>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="重载"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#重载"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>重载</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">fun</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>string a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> string b<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> a <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">" "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> b<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">fun</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>string a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> a<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">fun</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> a<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="内置函数"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#内置函数"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>内置函数</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><cmath></span> <span class="token comment">// 导入库</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token comment">// sqrt() 来自 cmath</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token function">sqrt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">9</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="c-预处理器"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#c-预处理器"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>C++ 预处理器</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-3"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="预处理器"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#预处理器"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>预处理器</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
|
||||
<ul class="style-none cols-2">
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">if</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">elif</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">else</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">endif</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">ifdef</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">ifndef</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/replace">define</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/replace">undef</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/include">include</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/line">line</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/error">error</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/impl">pragma</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">defined</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/feature_test">__has_include</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/feature_test">__has_cpp_attribute</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/export">export</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/keyword/import&action=edit&redlink=1">import</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/keyword/module&action=edit&redlink=1">module</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<!--rehype:className=style-none cols-2-->
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="includes"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#includes"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Includes</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"iostream"</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="defines"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#defines"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Defines</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name">FOO</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name">FOO</span> <span class="token string">"hello"</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">undef</span> <span class="token expression">FOO</span></span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="if"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#if"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>If</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">ifdef</span> <span class="token expression">DEBUG</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token char">'hi'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">elif</span> <span class="token expression">defined VERBOSE</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">else</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">endif</span></span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="error"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#error"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Error</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">if</span> <span class="token expression">VERSION <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2.0</span></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">error</span> <span class="token expression">Unsupported</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">warning</span> <span class="token expression">Not really supported</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">endif</span></span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="宏"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#宏"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>宏</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name function">DEG</span><span class="token expression"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>x<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>x<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">57.29</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span></span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="令牌连接"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#令牌连接"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>令牌连接</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name function">DST</span><span class="token expression"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">)</span> name</span><span class="token punctuation">##</span><span class="token expression">_s name</span><span class="token punctuation">##</span><span class="token expression">_t</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token function">DST</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>object<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> #<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">></span> object_s object_t<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="字符串化"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#字符串化"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>字符串化</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name function">STR</span><span class="token expression"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">)</span> #name</span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">STR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>object<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> #<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"object"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="文件和行"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#文件和行"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>文件和行</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-cpp code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name function">LOG</span><span class="token expression"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>msg<span class="token punctuation">)</span> console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">__FILE__</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">__LINE__</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> msg<span class="token punctuation">)</span></span></span>
|
||||
</span><span class="code-line">#<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">></span> console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"file.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"hey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||||
</span></code></pre>
|
||||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
|
||||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="各种各样的"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#各种各样的"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>各种各样的</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="转义序列"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#转义序列"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>转义序列</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">转义序列</th><th>说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>\b</code></td><td>退格键</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\f</code></td><td>换页</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\n</code></td><td>新队</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\r</code></td><td>返回</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\t</code></td><td>水平制表符</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\v</code></td><td>垂直制表符</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\\</code></td><td>反斜杠</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\'</code></td><td>单引号</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\"</code></td><td>双引号</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\?</code></td><td>问号</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>\0</code></td><td>空字符</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2 col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="关键字"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#关键字"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>关键字</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2 col-span-2-->
|
||||
<ul class="style-none cols-5">
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/alignas">alignas</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/alignof">alignof</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/and">and</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/and_eq">and_eq</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/asm">asm</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/atomic_cancel">atomic_cancel</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/atomic_commit">atomic_commit</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/atomic_noexcept">atomic_noexcept</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/auto">auto</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/bitand">bitand</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/bitor">bitor</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/bool">bool</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/break">break</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/case">case</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/catch">catch</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/char">char</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/char8_t">char8_t</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/char16_t">char16_t</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/char32_t">char32_t</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/class">class</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/compl">compl</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/concept">concept</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/const">const</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/consteval">consteval</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/constexpr">constexpr</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/constinit">constinit</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/const_cast">const_cast</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/continue">continue</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/co_await">co_await</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/co_return">co_return</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/co_yield">co_yield</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/decltype">decltype</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/default">default</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/delete">delete</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/do">do</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/double">double</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/dynamic_cast">dynamic_cast</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/else">else</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/enum">enum</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/explicit">explicit</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/export">export</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/extern">extern</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/false">false</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/float">float</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/for">for</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/friend">friend</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/goto">goto</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/if">if</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/inline">inline</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/int">int</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/long">long</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/mutable">mutable</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/namespace">namespace</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/new">new</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/noexcept">noexcept</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/not">not</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/not_eq">not_eq</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/nullptr">nullptr</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/operator">operator</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/or">or</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/or_eq">or_eq</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/private">private</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/protected">protected</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/public">public</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/reflexpr">reflexpr</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/register">register</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/reinterpret_cast">reinterpret_cast</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/requires">requires</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/return">return</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/short">short</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/signed">signed</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/sizeof">sizeof</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/static">static</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/static_assert">static_assert</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/static_cast">static_cast</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/struct">struct</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/switch">switch</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/synchronized">synchronized</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/template">template</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/this">this</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/thread_local">thread_local</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/throw">throw</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/true">true</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/try">try</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/typedef">typedef</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/typeid">typeid</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/typename">typename</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/union">union</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/unsigned">unsigned</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/using">using</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/virtual">virtual</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/void">void</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/volatile">volatile</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/wchar_t">wchar_t</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/while">while</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/xor">xor</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/xor_eq">xor_eq</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/final">final</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/override">override</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/transactional_memory">transaction_safe</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/transactional_memory">transaction_safe_dynamic</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<!--rehype:className=style-none cols-5-->
|
||||
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="预处理器-1"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#预处理器-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>预处理器</h3><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<ul class="style-none cols-2">
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">if</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">elif</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">else</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">endif</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">ifdef</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">ifndef</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/replace">define</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/replace">undef</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/include">include</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/line">line</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/error">error</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/impl">pragma</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/preprocessor/conditional">defined</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/feature_test">__has_include</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/feature_test">__has_cpp_attribute</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/export">export</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/keyword/import&action=edit&redlink=1">import</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/keyword/module&action=edit&redlink=1">module</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<!--rehype:className=style-none cols-2-->
|
||||
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="另见"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#另见"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>另见</h2><div class="wrap-body">
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://hackingcpp.com/cpp/cheat_sheets.html">C++ Infographics & Cheat Sheets</a> <em>(hackingcpp.com)</em></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/">C++ reference</a> <em>(cppreference.com)</em></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/">C++ Language Tutorials</a> <em>(cplusplus.com)</em></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"></div></div></div></div><footer class="footer-wrap"><footer class="max-container">© 2022 Kenny Wang, All rights reserved.</footer></footer><script>
|
||||
if(('onhashchange' in window) && ((typeof document.documentMode==='undefined') || document.documentMode==8)) {
|
||||
window.onhashchange = function () {
|
||||
anchorPoint()
|
||||
updateAnchor()
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
function anchorPoint() {
|
||||
const hash = window.location.hash?.replace(/^#/, '') || '';
|
||||
const elm = document.getElementById(decodeURIComponent(hash));
|
||||
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.h2wrap-body .wrap')).forEach((elm) => elm.classList.remove('active'))
|
||||
if (elm?.tagName === 'H3') {
|
||||
elm?.parentElement?.parentElement?.classList.add('active');
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
anchorPoint();
|
||||
|
||||
function updateAnchor(element) {
|
||||
const anchorContainer = document.querySelectorAll('.menu-tocs .menu-modal a.tocs-link');
|
||||
anchorContainer.forEach((tocanchor) => {
|
||||
tocanchor.classList.remove('is-active-link');
|
||||
});
|
||||
const anchor = element || document.querySelector(`a.tocs-link[href='${decodeURIComponent(window.location.hash)}']`);
|
||||
if (anchor) {
|
||||
anchor.classList.add('is-active-link');
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
// toc 定位
|
||||
updateAnchor()
|
||||
const anchor = document.querySelectorAll('.menu-tocs .menu-modal a.tocs-link');
|
||||
anchor.forEach((item) => {
|
||||
item.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
|
||||
updateAnchor()
|
||||
})
|
||||
})
|
||||
</script></body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/">npm 仓库、网站和命令行界面的文档</a> <em>(npmjs.com)</em></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://npmmirror.com/">npmmirror 中国镜像站</a> <em>(npmmirror.com)</em></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://michaelcurrin.github.io/dev-cheatsheets/cheatsheets/package-managers/javascript/npm/commands/npx.html"></a> <em>(michaelcurrin.github.io)</em></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://michaelcurrin.github.io/dev-cheatsheets/cheatsheets/package-managers/javascript/npm/commands/npx.html">Dev Cheatsheets npx</a> <em>(michaelcurrin.github.io)</em></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"></div></div></div></div><footer class="footer-wrap"><footer class="max-container">© 2022 Kenny Wang, All rights reserved.</footer></footer><script>
|
||||
if(('onhashchange' in window) && ((typeof document.documentMode==='undefined') || document.documentMode==8)) {
|
||||
|
||||
@ -81,6 +81,8 @@
|
||||
</svg><span>C</span></a><!--rehype:style=background: rgb(92 107 192/var(\-\-bg\-opacity));-->
|
||||
<a href="./docs/cs.html" style="background: rgb(6 147 13/var(\-\-bg\-opacity));" class="contributing" data-info="👆待完善需要您的参与"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 200 218">
|
||||
<path d="M100,0.44 L100,0.455333333 L199.666667,58.5993333 L199.666667,159.400667 L100,217.56 L0.333333333,159.400667 L0.333333333,58.5993333 L100,0.44 Z M82.0833333,55.333 C53.8740706,55.3333333 31,78.2074039 31,106.424 L31,111.576 C31.0041913,129.277326 40.1707165,145.7152 55.2277239,155.022373 C70.2847313,164.329546 89.0864906,165.17968 104.922,157.269333 L111.101333,154.202667 L104.232,140.479333 L98.068,143.546 C86.9899096,149.088667 73.8317911,148.500121 63.2927817,141.99055 C52.7537723,135.480978 46.336719,123.978635 46.3333333,111.591333 L46.3333333,106.439333 C46.3346881,94.0500894 52.7491422,82.5443897 63.2870103,76.0292762 C73.8248785,69.5141628 86.9843283,68.9181542 98.068,74.454 L104.232,77.536 L111.101333,63.828 L104.922,60.746 C98.0448161,57.3003013 90.4812112,55.4533442 82.7961467,55.3389754 L82.0833333,55.333 Z M138.333333,70.6666667 L123,70.6666667 L123,86 L107.666667,86 L107.666667,101.333333 L123,101.333333 L123,116.666667 L107.666667,116.666667 L107.666667,132 L123,132 L123,147.333333 L138.333333,147.333333 L138.333333,132 L153.666667,132 L153.666667,147.333333 L169,147.333333 L169,132 L184.333333,132 L184.333333,116.666667 L169,116.666667 L169,101.333333 L184.333333,101.333333 L184.333333,86 L169,86 L169,70.6666667 L153.666667,70.6666667 L153.666667,86 L138.333333,86 L138.333333,70.6666667 Z M153.666667,101.333333 L153.666667,116.666667 L138.333333,116.666667 L138.333333,101.333333 L153.666667,101.333333 Z"></path></svg><span>C#</span></a><!--rehype:style=background: rgb(6 147 13/var(\-\-bg\-opacity));&class=contributing-->
|
||||
<a href="./docs/cpp.html" style="background: rgb(6 147 13/var(\-\-bg\-opacity));" class="contributing" data-info="👆待完善需要您的参与"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 187 155">
|
||||
<path fill="currentColor" d="M77.4039102,0.01171875 C104.893578,0.01171875 130.532863,14.8054453 144.312707,38.6186211 L110.875113,57.9682852 C103.978656,46.0481602 91.1520117,38.6428945 77.4039102,38.6428945 C56.1021016,38.6428945 38.7718008,55.9731953 38.7718008,77.2750039 C38.7718008,98.5758789 56.1021016,115.90618 77.4039102,115.90618 C91.1529453,115.90618 103.97959,108.500914 110.87698,96.5789219 L144.314574,115.927652 C130.53473,139.743629 104.895445,154.537355 77.4039102,154.537355 C34.800293,154.537355 0.140625,119.877688 0.140625,77.2750039 C0.140625,34.6713867 34.800293,0.01171875 77.4039102,0.01171875 Z M146.080934,64.3970117 L146.080934,72.9823398 L154.666262,72.9823398 L154.666262,81.5667344 L146.080934,81.5667344 L146.080934,90.1520625 L137.497473,90.1520625 L137.497473,81.5667344 L128.912145,81.5667344 L128.912145,72.9823398 L137.497473,72.9823398 L137.497473,64.3970117 L146.080934,64.3970117 Z M178.274047,64.3970117 L178.274047,72.9823398 L186.859375,72.9823398 L186.859375,81.5667344 L178.274047,81.5667344 L178.274047,90.1520625 L169.690586,90.1520625 L169.690586,81.5667344 L161.105258,81.5667344 L161.105258,72.9823398 L169.690586,72.9823398 L169.690586,64.3970117 L178.274047,64.3970117 Z"></path></svg><span>CPP</span></a><!--rehype:style=background: rgb(6 147 13/var(\-\-bg\-opacity));&class=contributing-->
|
||||
<a href="./docs/dart.html" style="background: rgb(64 196 255/var(\-\-bg\-opacity));"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em">
|
||||
<path d="M4.105 4.105S9.158 1.58 11.684.316a3.079 3.079 0 0 1 1.481-.315c.766.047 1.677.788 1.677.788L24 9.948v9.789h-4.263V24H9.789l-9-9C.303 14.5 0 13.795 0 13.105c0-.319.18-.818.316-1.105l3.789-7.895zm.679.679v11.787c.002.543.021 1.024.498 1.508L10.204 23h8.533v-4.263L4.784 4.784zm12.055-.678c-.899-.896-1.809-1.78-2.74-2.643-.302-.267-.567-.468-1.07-.462-.37.014-.87.195-.87.195L6.341 4.105l10.498.001z"></path>
|
||||
</svg>
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user