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chore: format markdown code. (#42)
* format: fix markdown * update: fix markdown * update: fix cron problems * update: delete .markdownlintignore * update * chore: add tab -> 4 space * chore: fix tab -> 2 in the .editorconfig
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fw_qaq
83
docs/ruby.md
83
docs/ruby.md
@ -192,14 +192,14 @@ puts "Hello world!" # 代码的内联注释
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#### 比较运算符
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- `==`
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- `!=`
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- `>`
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- `<`
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- `>=`
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- `<=`
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- `<=>`
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- `===`
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- `==`
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- `!=`
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- `>`
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- `<`
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- `>=`
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- `<=`
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- `<=>`
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- `===`
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- `eql?`
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- `equal?`
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<!--rehype:className=cols-3 style-none-->
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@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ WEATHER = "rainy".freeze
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### 伪变量
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名字 | 说明
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名字 | 说明
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:-- | --
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`self` | 当前方法的接收者对象
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`true` | `TrueClass` 的实例
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@ -376,8 +376,8 @@ WEATHER = "rainy".freeze
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### 预定义变量
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
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名字 | 说明
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:-- | --
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名字 | 说明
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:-- | --
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`$!` | 异常信息消息。raise 设置此变量
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`$@` | 最后一个异常的回溯，它是 String 的数组，指示调用方法的位置。格式中的元素如：“filename:line”或“filename:line:in \`methodname'”(助记符：发生异常的地方)
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`$&` | 与此范围内最后一次成功的模式匹配匹配的字符串，如果最后一次模式匹配失败，则返回 nil。 (助记符：在某些编辑器中类似于 &)这个变量是只读的
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@ -412,8 +412,8 @@ WEATHER = "rainy".freeze
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### 预定义的全局常量
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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名字 | 说明
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:-- | --
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名字 | 说明
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:-- | --
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`TRUE` | 典型的真值。在 Ruby 中，所有非 `false` 值（除了 `nil` 和 `false` 之外的所有值）都是 `true`
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`FALSE` | 虚假本身
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`NIL` | 零本身
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@ -446,18 +446,17 @@ defined? PI
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### 数据类型
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-3-->
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类型 | 示例 | Class | 文档
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:-- | -- | -- | --
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`Integer` | a = 17 | a.class > Integer <br>a.class.superclass > Numeric | [#][2]
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`Float` | a = 87.23 | a.class > Float <br>a.class.superclass > Numeric | [#][3]
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`String` | a = "Hello universe" | a.class > String | [#][4]
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`Array` | a = [12, 34] | a.class > Array | [#][5]
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`Hash` | a = {type: "tea", count: 10} | a.class > Hash | [#][6]
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`Boolean` | a = false<br>a = true | a.class > FalseClass <br>a.class > TrueClass | [TrueClass][7] [FalseClass][8]
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`Symbol` | a = :status | a.class > Symbol | [#][9]
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`Range` | a = 1..3 | a.class > Range | [#][10]
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`Nil` | a = nil | a.class > NilClass | [#][11]
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`Integer` | a = 17 | a.class > Integer <br>a.class.superclass > Numeric | [#][2]
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`Float` | a = 87.23 | a.class > Float <br>a.class.superclass > Numeric | [#][3]
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`String` | a = "Hello universe" | a.class > String | [#][4]
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`Array` | a = [12, 34] | a.class > Array | [#][5]
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`Hash` | a = {type: "tea", count: 10} | a.class > Hash | [#][6]
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`Boolean` | a = false<br>a = true | a.class > FalseClass <br>a.class > TrueClass | [TrueClass][7] [FalseClass][8]
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`Symbol` | a = :status | a.class > Symbol | [#][9]
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`Range` | a = 1..3 | a.class > Range | [#][10]
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`Nil` | a = nil | a.class > NilClass | [#][11]
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<!--rehype:className=show-header-->
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[进一步阅读](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-data-types-in-ruby)
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@ -508,8 +507,7 @@ range.to_a
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一些有用的方法
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Method name | Output
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Method name | Output
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:----------- | -----
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`cover?` | `(1..5).cover?(5)` => `true`
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`end` | `('a'..'z').end` => `"z"`
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@ -518,6 +516,7 @@ Method name | Output
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`eql?` | `((0..2).eql?(0..5)` => `false`
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### 在 Range 中使用 step
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```ruby
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(1..20).step(2) { |number| puts "#{number}"}
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# 输出
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@ -533,7 +532,6 @@ Method name | Output
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# 19
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```
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条件结构
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---
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@ -543,6 +541,7 @@ Method name | Output
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num = 2
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puts 'two' if num == 2
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```
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如果条件为真，则执行代码
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### if elsif else 语句
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@ -688,7 +687,7 @@ puts string
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### 有用的方法
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
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函数名称 | Output | Note
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函数名称 | Output | Note
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:--- | ----- | ------
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length or size | `"HELLO World".length` => `11` <br> `"HELLO World".size` => `11` | 返回字符串的长度
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reverse | `"hello worlD".reverse` => `"Dlrow olleh"` | 返回反转的字符串
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@ -719,7 +718,6 @@ eql? | `s = 'foo'` => `true` <br> `s.eql?('foo')` =>
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\+ | `"sammy " + "shark"` => `"sammyshark"` | 返回 self 和给定的其他字符串的连接
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\+ | `"sammy " + "shark"` => `"sammyshark"` | 返回 self 和给定的其他字符串的连接
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方法
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---
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@ -802,6 +800,7 @@ Mobile = Class.new do
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end
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Mobile.ring
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```
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```ruby
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Mobile = Class.new
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class << Mobile
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@ -888,6 +887,7 @@ puts a
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nil.nil?
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# true
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```
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您可以拥有自己的布尔方法
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```ruby
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@ -1097,7 +1097,6 @@ give_me_data p
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proc 就像一个可以存储在变量中的块
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### 任意参数
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
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@ -1441,7 +1440,6 @@ arr.uniq #=> [2, 5, 6, 556, 8, 9, 0, 123]
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```
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
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### 检查数组中是否存在值（`include？`）
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```ruby
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@ -1511,13 +1509,16 @@ sorted_primes = primes.sort
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puts "#{sorted_primes}"
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# 输出 => [2, 3, 5, 7]
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```
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or in-place sort
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```ruby
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primes = [7, 2, 3, 5]
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primes.sort!
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puts "#{primes}"
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# 输出 => [2, 3, 5, 7]
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```
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```ruby
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planets = ["Mercury", "Venus", "Earth", "Mars", "Jupiter", "Saturn", "Uranus", "Neptune"]
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planets.sort
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@ -1629,7 +1630,6 @@ primes.delete(5)
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# [7, 2, 3]
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```
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### each
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
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@ -1754,6 +1754,7 @@ end
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```
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
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---
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```ruby
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a = 1
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star = '*'
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@ -1858,7 +1859,9 @@ data_sample = [2, 3, 5, 7]
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# 17
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# 19
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```
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---
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```ruby
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19.step(1, -2) { |number| puts "#{number}"}
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# 输出
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@ -1894,6 +1897,7 @@ numbers.inject(:+)
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# 输出
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# 10
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```
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使用初始值和符号
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```ruby
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@ -2003,7 +2007,6 @@ p str #=> "sixth fifth fourth third second first "
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布尔可枚举方法
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---
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### 布尔可枚举方法
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
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@ -2160,7 +2163,9 @@ while count >= 1
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# while loop ends here
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end
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```
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输出
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```
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Ruby Cheatsheet
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Ruby Cheatsheet
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@ -2178,7 +2183,9 @@ for count in 1..5 do
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puts text
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end
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```
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输出
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```
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Ruby Cheatsheet
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Ruby Cheatsheet
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@ -2201,7 +2208,9 @@ loop do
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# ending of ruby do..while loop
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end
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```
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输出
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```
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Ruby Cheatsheet
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```
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@ -2218,7 +2227,9 @@ until var == 11 do
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# here loop ends
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end
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```
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输出
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```
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70
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80
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@ -2403,6 +2414,7 @@ true
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a.instance_of? Numeric
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false
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```
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如果对象是给定类的实例，而不是子类或超类，则返回 true
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### 打印一个类的所有方法名
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@ -2412,7 +2424,9 @@ puts (String.methods).sort
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# 排除从 Object 类继承的方法
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puts (String.methods - Object.public_instance_methods).sort
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```
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### 检查一个类是否有特定的方法
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```ruby
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String.respond_to?(:prepend)
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true
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@ -2420,16 +2434,12 @@ String.respond_to?(:append)
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false
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```
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另见
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---
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- [Ruby 官网](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/) _(ruby-lang.org)_
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- [Ruby Cheatsheet](https://github.com/lifeparticle/Ruby-Cheatsheet) _(github.com)_
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[1]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/doc/keywords_rdoc.html
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[2]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/Integer.html
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[3]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/Float.html
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[4]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/String.html
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@ -2440,4 +2450,3 @@ false
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[9]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/Symbol.html
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[10]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/Range.html
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[11]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/NilClass.html
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[12]: https://ruby-doc.org/core-3.1.2/Exception.html
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