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feat: add cmake.md
cheatsheet (#19).
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CMake 备忘清单
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===
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本清单提供了对 CMake 的入门简要概述,以及 CMake 常用示例
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入门
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---
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### Hello CMake
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CMake 是一个用于配置跨平台源代码项目应该如何配置的工具建立在给定的平台上。
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```bash
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├┈ CMakeLists.txt # 希望运行的 CMake 命令
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╰┈ main.cpp # 带有 main 的源文件
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```
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在此项目上运行 `CMake` 时,系统会要求您提供二进制目录,运行 `CMake` 不会创建最终的可执行文件,而是会为 `Visual Studio`、`XCode` 或 `makefile` 生成项目文件。 使用这些工具构建该项目
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#### CMakeLists.txt
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```cmake
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# 设置可以使用的最低 CMake 版本
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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
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# 设置项目名称
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project (hello_cmake)
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# 添加可执行文件
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add_executable(hello_cmake main.cpp)
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```
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#### main.cpp
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```c
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#include <iostream>
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int main(int argc, char *argv[])
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{
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std::cout << "Hello CMake!" << std::endl;
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return 0;
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}
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```
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#### 编译示例
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```bash
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$ mkdir build # 创建 build 目录
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$ cd build # 进入目录
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$ cmake .. # 目录的上一级目录运行命令
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$ ./hello_cmake # 运行生成的 hello_cmake
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Hello CMake!
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```
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### cmake
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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生成项目构建系统
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```bash
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$ cmake [<options>] <path-to-source | path-to-existing-build>bash
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$ cmake [<options>] -S <path-to-source> -B <path-to-build>
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```
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建立一个项目
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```bash
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$ cmake --build <dir> [<options>] [-- <build-tool-options>]
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```
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安装项目
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```bash
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$ cmake --install <dir> [<options>]
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```
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打开一个项目
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```bash
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$ cmake --open <dir>
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```
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运行脚本
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```bash
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$ cmake [-D <var>=<value>]... -P <cmake-script-file>
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```
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运行命令行工具
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```bash
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$ cmake -E <command> [<options>]
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```
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运行查找包工具
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```bash
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$ cmake --find-package [<options>]
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```
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运行工作流预设
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```bash
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$ cmake --workflow [<options>]
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```
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查看帮助
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```bash
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$ cmake --help[-<topic>]
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```
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另见
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----
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- [CMake Examples](http://ttroy50.github.io/cmake-examples/) _(ttroy50.github.io)_
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